Materials, Physics, and Chemistry of Neuromorphic Computing Systems

[EN] This paper frames the rise of neuromorphic computing as a response to the energy and speed limitations of traditional von Neumann architectures in the context of rapidly growing data demands in artificial intelligence. Inspired by the brain¿s ability to perform parallel and energy-efficient pro...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Bisquert, Juan|||0000-0003-4987-4887
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/232004
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232004
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Centrar Nerovous System
Circuits
Computational Chemistry
Materials
Neural Networks
Descripción
Sumario:[EN] This paper frames the rise of neuromorphic computing as a response to the energy and speed limitations of traditional von Neumann architectures in the context of rapidly growing data demands in artificial intelligence. Inspired by the brain¿s ability to perform parallel and energy-efficient processing, neuromorphic systems aim to merge memory and computation, enabling fast learning and low-power operation, with particular emphasis on spiking neural networks and in-sensor or edge computing. The article introduces the special issue Materials, Physics and Chemistry of Neuromorphic Computing Systems, highlighting how the physical chemistry and materials science of devices at the micro- and nanoscale can be engineered to reproduce neural functionalities such as synaptic plasticity, nonlinear dynamics, and network-level learning. The issue covers a broad range of material platforms¿including halide perovskites, organic materials, metal oxides, fluidic systems, and ferroelectrics¿and addresses memristive and transistor-based devices, optoelectronic approaches, and network implementations, illustrating both the challenges and the vast potential of neuromorphic materials and devices for future information-processing technologies.