Efficacy of fungicide products against the blossom blight disease of almond caused by Monilinia laxa in the Ebro Valley

Blossom blight of almond, caused by Monilinia laxa, mainly affects flowers and early-stage fruits. In Spain, the intensification and modernization of almond production have contributed to increasing disease incidence. The number of authorized products available to control this disease is limited, an...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Zúñiga, Erick, Aparicio-Durán, Lidia, Torres Sanchis, Rosario, Miarnau, Xavier, Casals, Carla, Torguet Pomar, Laura
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)
Repositorio:IRTA Pubpro. Open Digital Archive
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:irtapubpro__::a531bd844faa1044dc0ee0dbda05873a
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/5292
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2026.107697
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:63
Descripción
Sumario:Blossom blight of almond, caused by Monilinia laxa, mainly affects flowers and early-stage fruits. In Spain, the intensification and modernization of almond production have contributed to increasing disease incidence. The number of authorized products available to control this disease is limited, and their efficacy under field con ditions is often suboptimal. In this study, we evaluated different products against M. laxa through in vitro, in vivo, and under field conditions. First, the efficacy of 25 products was tested in vitro against M. laxa inoculum at three doses (commercial dose, ±10-fold). The most effective products were further tested in vivo using almond detached-flowers from cvs. ‘Soleta’ and ‘Tardona’, assessing the disease incidence and severity. The best 10 products were also tested on ‘Soleta’ under field conditions, over two consecutive years. Our results showed that in both studies, in vitro and in vivo, difenoconazole was consistent with >90% disease reduction compared to the control. Field trials revealed that seven products significantly reduced the blossom blight incidence: difenoco nazole, tebuconazole, cyprodinil, cyprodinil + fludioxonil, fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin, boscalid + pyr aclostrobin, and kresoxim-methyl + difenoconazole. These results indicated that none of the active ingredients (AIs) tested consistently provided complete disease control across all assays. Nevertheless, in this study, a range of products with moderate to high efficacy were identified offering potential for integration into a comprehensive and sustainable disease management strategy.