Mitochondrial DNA mutations drive aerobic glycolysis to enhance checkpoint blockade response in melanoma

The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) encodes essential machinery for oxidative phosphorylation and metabolic homeostasis. Tumor mtDNA is among the most somatically mutated regions of the cancer genome, but whether these mutations impact tumor biology is debated. We engineered truncating mutations of the...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Mahmood, Mahnoor, Minwei Liu, Eric, Shergold, Amy L., Tolla, Elisabetta, Tait-Mulder, Jacqueline, Huerta-Uribe, Alejandro, Shokry, Engy, Young, Alex L., Lilla, Sergio, Kim, Minsoo, Park, Tricia, Boscenco, Sonia, Manchón, Javier L., Rodríguez-Antona, Cristina, Walters, Rowan C., Springett, Roger J., Blaza, James N., Mitchell, Louise, Blyth, Karen, Zanivan, Sara, Sumpton, David, Roberts, Edward W., Reznik, Ed, Gammage, Payam A.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/389180
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/389180
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Cancer
Cancer genetics
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer metabolism
Cancer microenvironment
Descripción
Sumario:The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) encodes essential machinery for oxidative phosphorylation and metabolic homeostasis. Tumor mtDNA is among the most somatically mutated regions of the cancer genome, but whether these mutations impact tumor biology is debated. We engineered truncating mutations of the mtDNA-encoded complex I gene, Mt-Nd5, into several murine models of melanoma. These mutations promoted a Warburg-like metabolic shift that reshaped tumor microenvironments in both mice and humans, consistently eliciting an anti-tumor immune response characterized by loss of resident neutrophils. Tumors bearing mtDNA mutations were sensitized to checkpoint blockade in a neutrophil-dependent manner, with induction of redox imbalance being sufficient to induce this effect in mtDNA wild-type tumors. Patient lesions bearing >50% mtDNA mutation heteroplasmy demonstrated a response rate to checkpoint blockade that was improved by ~2.5-fold over mtDNA wild-type cancer. These data nominate mtDNA mutations as functional regulators of cancer metabolism and tumor biology, with potential for therapeutic exploitation and treatment stratification.

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