Iron-corrected Single-epoch Black Hole Masses of DESI Quasars at Low Redshift

Zhiwei Pan et al.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Pan, Zhiwei, Siudek, Malgorzata, Gaztañaga, Enrique, Prada, Francisco
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/399954
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/399954
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105009367843
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Active galactic nuclei
Quasars
Supermassive black holes
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network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Iron-corrected Single-epoch Black Hole Masses of DESI Quasars at Low Redshift
title Iron-corrected Single-epoch Black Hole Masses of DESI Quasars at Low Redshift
spellingShingle Iron-corrected Single-epoch Black Hole Masses of DESI Quasars at Low Redshift
Pan, Zhiwei
Active galactic nuclei
Quasars
Supermassive black holes
title_short Iron-corrected Single-epoch Black Hole Masses of DESI Quasars at Low Redshift
title_full Iron-corrected Single-epoch Black Hole Masses of DESI Quasars at Low Redshift
title_fullStr Iron-corrected Single-epoch Black Hole Masses of DESI Quasars at Low Redshift
title_full_unstemmed Iron-corrected Single-epoch Black Hole Masses of DESI Quasars at Low Redshift
title_sort Iron-corrected Single-epoch Black Hole Masses of DESI Quasars at Low Redshift
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pan, Zhiwei
Siudek, Malgorzata
Gaztañaga, Enrique
Prada, Francisco
author Pan, Zhiwei
author_facet Pan, Zhiwei
Siudek, Malgorzata
Gaztañaga, Enrique
Prada, Francisco
author_role author
author2 Siudek, Malgorzata
Gaztañaga, Enrique
Prada, Francisco
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv National Key Research and Development Program (China)
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Department of Energy (US)
National Science Foundation (US)
Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK)
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
Heising Simons Foundation
Commissariat à l'Ènergie Atomique et aux Ènergies Alternatives (France)
Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (México)
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Pan, Zhiwei [0000-0003-0230-6436]
Siudek, Malgorzata [0000-0002-2949-2155]
Gaztañaga, Enrique [0000-0001-9632-0815]
Prada, Francisco [0000-0001-7145-8674]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Active galactic nuclei
Quasars
Supermassive black holes
topic Active galactic nuclei
Quasars
Supermassive black holes
description Zhiwei Pan et al.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/399954
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105009367843
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/399954
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105009367843
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv The underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at DOI 10.3847/1538-4357/add7dd
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add7dd
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv IOP Publishing
American Astronomical Society
publisher.none.fl_str_mv IOP Publishing
American Astronomical Society
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869410566950354944
spelling Iron-corrected Single-epoch Black Hole Masses of DESI Quasars at Low RedshiftPan, ZhiweiSiudek, MalgorzataGaztañaga, EnriquePrada, FranciscoActive galactic nucleiQuasarsSupermassive black holesZhiwei Pan et al.We present a study on the possible overestimation of single-epoch supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses in previous works, based on more than 55,000 type 1 quasars at 0.25 < z < 0.8 from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). We confirm that iron emission strength serves as a good tracer of the Eddington ratio, and estimate SMBH masses using an iron-corrected R-L relation for Hβ, where R is the broad-line region size and L is the continuum luminosity. Compared with our measurements, previous canonical measurements without the iron correction are overestimated by a factor of 1.5 on average. The overestimation can be up to a factor of 5 for super-Eddington quasars. The fraction of super-Eddington quasars in our sample is about 5%, significantly higher than 0.4% derived from the canonical measurements. Using a sample featuring both Hβ and Mg ii emission lines, we calibrate Mg ii-based SMBH masses using iron-corrected, Hβ-based SMBH masses and establish an iron-corrected R-L relation for Mg ii. The revised relation features a flatter luminosity dependence with a slope of 0.36 and incorporates an additional term of −0.21R<inf>Fe</inf>, where R<inf>Fe</inf> denotes the relative iron strength. We use this formula to build a catalog of about 0.5 million DESI quasars at 0.6 < z < 1.6. If these iron-corrected R-L relations for Hβ and Mg ii are valid at high redshift, current mass measurements of luminous quasars at z ≥ 6 would have been overestimated by a factor of 2.3 on average, alleviating the tension between SMBH mass and growth history in the early universe.We acknowledge support from the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFA1600404), the National Science Foundation of China (12225301), and the China Manned Space Project (CMS-CSST-2021-A05, CMS-CSST-2021-A06). We thank DESI Internal Reviewers (Mar Mezcua and Jinyi Yang) for very helpful discussions and comments, and thank DESI PubBoard Handler (Vanina Ruhlmann-Kleider) for timely help. We thank Jian-Min Wang, P. Du, Luis C. Ho, Yuxuan Pang, and Masafusa Onoue for very helpful discussions and comments. This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of High-Energy Physics, under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility under the same contract. Additional support for DESI was provided by the US National Science Foundation (NSF), Division of Astronomical Sciences under contract No. AST-0950945 to the NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory; the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; the Heising-Simons Foundation; the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA); the National Council of Humanities, Science and Technology of Mexico (CONAHCYT); the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain (MICINN), and by the DESI Member Institutions.32 Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, or any of the listed funding agencies. The authors are honored to be permitted to conduct scientific research on Iolkam Du’ag (Kitt Peak), a mountain with particular significance to the Tohono O’odham Nation.Peer reviewedIOP PublishingAmerican Astronomical SocietyNational Key Research and Development Program (China)National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaDepartment of Energy (US)National Science Foundation (US)Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK)Gordon and Betty Moore FoundationHeising Simons FoundationCommissariat à l'Ènergie Atomique et aux Ènergies Alternatives (France)Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (México)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Pan, Zhiwei [0000-0003-0230-6436]Siudek, Malgorzata [0000-0002-2949-2155]Gaztañaga, Enrique [0000-0001-9632-0815]Prada, Francisco [0000-0001-7145-8674]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/399954https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105009367843reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)InglésThe underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at DOI 10.3847/1538-4357/add7ddhttps://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add7ddSíinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3999542026-05-22T06:33:51Z
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