Summer upper-level jets modulate the response of South American climate to ENSO

The upper-level jet stream is a critical element of atmospheric circulation, driving synoptic systems and extreme weather events. This study analyzes the impact of upper-level jets on South American (SA) summer temperature and precipitation under different El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases....

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Autores: Collazo, Soledad, García-Herrera, Ricardo, Barriopedro, David
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/342345
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/342345
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85172089559
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:El Niño-Southern Oscillation | Extreme temperatures | Multiparametric characterization | South American summer climate | Subtropical and polar front jet | Weather regimes
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spelling Summer upper-level jets modulate the response of South American climate to ENSOCollazo, SoledadGarcía-Herrera, RicardoBarriopedro, DavidEl Niño-Southern Oscillation | Extreme temperatures | Multiparametric characterization | South American summer climate | Subtropical and polar front jet | Weather regimesThe upper-level jet stream is a critical element of atmospheric circulation, driving synoptic systems and extreme weather events. This study analyzes the impact of upper-level jets on South American (SA) summer temperature and precipitation under different El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases. Using the ERA5 reanalysis dataset from 1979 to 2022, we perform a daily multiparametric characterization of the jet stream, considering its spatial and temporal discontinuities. Besides latitude and intensity, we find that the departure and number of branches of the subtropical jet (STJ) and the longitudinal extent of the Pacific branch of the polar front jet (PFJ) are needed for their description. An additional parameter is required to characterize the STJ due to its absence on around 40% of summer days over SA. Moreover, we observe distinct long-term changes in PFJ parameters across different ocean basins. Three synoptic weather types (WTs) of the upper-level zonal wind are identified: normal conditions, a prominent STJ pattern, and a PFJ-only pattern. The latter pattern is associated with anticyclonic anomalies at 500 hPa in the South Atlantic Ocean and an active SA Convergence Zone, which favors clear skies and warm (wet and cold) conditions in southern SA (Brazil). Consistently, the probability of experiencing warm spells in central Argentina is increased more than twofold. Finally, we detect that the temperature anomalies associated with the WTs are independent of the ENSO phase. However, ENSO modulates the frequency of the WTs: during La Niña (El Niño), the PFJ-only (prominent STJ) pattern is more common.This work was supported by the SAFETE project, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 847635 (UNA4CAREER).Peer reviewedSpringerEuropean Commission0000-0001-7785-29980000-0002-3845-74580000-0001-6476-944XConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202420242023info:eu-repo/semantics/articleartículohttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/342345https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85172089559reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/847635Climate DynamicsSíinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3423452026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Summer upper-level jets modulate the response of South American climate to ENSO
title Summer upper-level jets modulate the response of South American climate to ENSO
spellingShingle Summer upper-level jets modulate the response of South American climate to ENSO
Collazo, Soledad
El Niño-Southern Oscillation | Extreme temperatures | Multiparametric characterization | South American summer climate | Subtropical and polar front jet | Weather regimes
title_short Summer upper-level jets modulate the response of South American climate to ENSO
title_full Summer upper-level jets modulate the response of South American climate to ENSO
title_fullStr Summer upper-level jets modulate the response of South American climate to ENSO
title_full_unstemmed Summer upper-level jets modulate the response of South American climate to ENSO
title_sort Summer upper-level jets modulate the response of South American climate to ENSO
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Collazo, Soledad
García-Herrera, Ricardo
Barriopedro, David
author Collazo, Soledad
author_facet Collazo, Soledad
García-Herrera, Ricardo
Barriopedro, David
author_role author
author2 García-Herrera, Ricardo
Barriopedro, David
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv European Commission
0000-0001-7785-2998
0000-0002-3845-7458
0000-0001-6476-944X
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv El Niño-Southern Oscillation | Extreme temperatures | Multiparametric characterization | South American summer climate | Subtropical and polar front jet | Weather regimes
topic El Niño-Southern Oscillation | Extreme temperatures | Multiparametric characterization | South American summer climate | Subtropical and polar front jet | Weather regimes
description The upper-level jet stream is a critical element of atmospheric circulation, driving synoptic systems and extreme weather events. This study analyzes the impact of upper-level jets on South American (SA) summer temperature and precipitation under different El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases. Using the ERA5 reanalysis dataset from 1979 to 2022, we perform a daily multiparametric characterization of the jet stream, considering its spatial and temporal discontinuities. Besides latitude and intensity, we find that the departure and number of branches of the subtropical jet (STJ) and the longitudinal extent of the Pacific branch of the polar front jet (PFJ) are needed for their description. An additional parameter is required to characterize the STJ due to its absence on around 40% of summer days over SA. Moreover, we observe distinct long-term changes in PFJ parameters across different ocean basins. Three synoptic weather types (WTs) of the upper-level zonal wind are identified: normal conditions, a prominent STJ pattern, and a PFJ-only pattern. The latter pattern is associated with anticyclonic anomalies at 500 hPa in the South Atlantic Ocean and an active SA Convergence Zone, which favors clear skies and warm (wet and cold) conditions in southern SA (Brazil). Consistently, the probability of experiencing warm spells in central Argentina is increased more than twofold. Finally, we detect that the temperature anomalies associated with the WTs are independent of the ENSO phase. However, ENSO modulates the frequency of the WTs: during La Niña (El Niño), the PFJ-only (prominent STJ) pattern is more common.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2024
2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
artículo
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/342345
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85172089559
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/342345
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85172089559
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/847635
Climate Dynamics
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.81155

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