Multicolor Ramsey numbers using random sphere graphs

The multicolor Ramsey number r(t; ℓ) is the minimum integer n such that every ℓ-coloring of the edges of the complete graph Kn contains a monochromatic clique of size t. Improving the asymptotic bounds of r(t; ℓ) for any fixed ℓ ≥ 3 has been a central challenge in combinatorics for nearly a century....

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: López Vidal, Albert
Tipo de recurso: tesis de maestría
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/452305
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/452305
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Graph theory
Combinatorial analysis
Ramsey theory
Multicolor Ramsey numbers
Random sphere graphs
Random graphs
Hyper-spheres
Grafs, Teoria de
Anàlisi combinatòria
Ramsey, Teoria de
Classificació AMS::05 Combinatorics::05C Graph theory
Classificació AMS::52 Convex and discrete geometry::52A General convexity
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística
Descripción
Sumario:The multicolor Ramsey number r(t; ℓ) is the minimum integer n such that every ℓ-coloring of the edges of the complete graph Kn contains a monochromatic clique of size t. Improving the asymptotic bounds of r(t; ℓ) for any fixed ℓ ≥ 3 has been a central challenge in combinatorics for nearly a century. The best known lower bounds have traditionally been established using frameworks based on Erd˝os–R´enyi random graphs. Recent advances by Ma, Shen, and Xie in a related problem of the field introduced a random construction known as the random sphere graph. In this thesis, we show that there exists an exponential improvement on the lower bound for multicolor Ramsey numbers by replacing the Erd˝os–R´enyi framework with random sphere graphs. This improvement is achieved by exploiting the inherent geometric constraints of high-dimensional spheres, which make the distribution of cliques and independent sets fundamentally different from those found in other classical random graphs. Furthermore, we provide basic observations on the random sphere model and discuss the potential integration of our method with other emerging frameworks.