The isoperimetric inequality on Euclidean space and on surfaces

This master’s thesis focuses on the analysis of the isoperimetric problem, which involves finding shapes that enclose the maximum volume with a given boundary area. We examine this problem both in Euclidean space and on hypersurfaces. In the Euclidean setting, we review several distinct proofs using...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Codina Baró, Gerard
Tipo de recurso: tesis de maestría
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/416461
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/416461
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Curves
Graph theory
Isoperimetric problem
Isoperimetric inequality
Corbes
Grafs, Teoria de
Classificació AMS::05 Combinatorics::05C Graph theory
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística
Descripción
Sumario:This master’s thesis focuses on the analysis of the isoperimetric problem, which involves finding shapes that enclose the maximum volume with a given boundary area. We examine this problem both in Euclidean space and on hypersurfaces. In the Euclidean setting, we review several distinct proofs using different approaches, including symmetrization techniques, geometric measure theory, and partial differential equations. We also discuss the consequences and applications of these results, particularly the Faber-Krahn inequality, which states that among all domains with a fixed volume, the ball minimizes the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of the Laplacian. For the isoperimetric problem on hypersurfaces, we introduce the Michael-Simon and Allard inequality, which is a modified version of the isoperimetric inequality that account for surface curvature.