Reusing 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock Powder for Cold Spray Deposition

Cold spray (CS) is a solid-state deposition of coatings, or an additive manufacturing (CSAM) process employed to make parts maintaining the feedstock powders properties in the deposited material. One of the cons for industrial use of CS or CSAM is their higher costs compared to the traditional coati...

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Autores: Ramirez, Edwin Rua, Silvello, A. (Alessio), Torres Diaz, Edwin, Vaz, Rodolpho Fernando, García Cano, Irene
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:2445/222155
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/222155
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Pulvimetal·lúrgia
Revestiments
Powder metallurgy
Coatings
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spelling Reusing 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock Powder for Cold Spray DepositionRamirez, Edwin RuaSilvello, A. (Alessio)Torres Diaz, EdwinVaz, Rodolpho FernandoGarcía Cano, IrenePulvimetal·lúrgiaRevestimentsPowder metallurgyCoatingsCold spray (CS) is a solid-state deposition of coatings, or an additive manufacturing (CSAM) process employed to make parts maintaining the feedstock powders properties in the deposited material. One of the cons for industrial use of CS or CSAM is their higher costs compared to the traditional coating or manufacturing processes. Reducing the feedstock powder consumption by maximizing the deposition efficiency has been the focus of many works. However, depending on the part geometry (e.g., a plate with holes), and CSAM strategy with low deposition efficiency, a considerable mass of powder can pass through the substrate, failing to bond, and becoming a process waste. This work evaluates CS 316L stainless steel coatings, recovering the unbonded particles and reusing them in a later deposition, thus making coatings with reused powders. The original and recovered powders were characterized in terms of particle shape and size distribution, phase composition, microhardness, and other properties to evaluate the evolution of the particles' properties due to the recovery process. Besides the powders, the CS coatings obtained with original and recovered powders were evaluated through cross-section image analysis, where porosity, deposition efficiency, and microhardness were observed. The results indicate that the powders' physical properties undergo variations over multiple deposition cycles without significantly affecting the quality of the CS coatings, with porosity below 1.5% and microhardness around 350 HV0.3 in most cases. Recovering and reusing powder for CS promotes environmental sustainability and generates significant economic benefits. This study contributes to making CS more economically viable from a life cycle cost assessment perspective.ASM International2025202520242025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion13 p.application/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/222155Articles publicats en revistes (Ciència dels Materials i Química Física)reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésReproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01884-3Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 2024, vol. 34, p. 75-87https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01884-3cc-by (c) Ramirez et al., 2024http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:2445/2221552026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Reusing 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock Powder for Cold Spray Deposition
title Reusing 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock Powder for Cold Spray Deposition
spellingShingle Reusing 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock Powder for Cold Spray Deposition
Ramirez, Edwin Rua
Pulvimetal·lúrgia
Revestiments
Powder metallurgy
Coatings
title_short Reusing 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock Powder for Cold Spray Deposition
title_full Reusing 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock Powder for Cold Spray Deposition
title_fullStr Reusing 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock Powder for Cold Spray Deposition
title_full_unstemmed Reusing 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock Powder for Cold Spray Deposition
title_sort Reusing 316L Stainless Steel Feedstock Powder for Cold Spray Deposition
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ramirez, Edwin Rua
Silvello, A. (Alessio)
Torres Diaz, Edwin
Vaz, Rodolpho Fernando
García Cano, Irene
author Ramirez, Edwin Rua
author_facet Ramirez, Edwin Rua
Silvello, A. (Alessio)
Torres Diaz, Edwin
Vaz, Rodolpho Fernando
García Cano, Irene
author_role author
author2 Silvello, A. (Alessio)
Torres Diaz, Edwin
Vaz, Rodolpho Fernando
García Cano, Irene
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Pulvimetal·lúrgia
Revestiments
Powder metallurgy
Coatings
topic Pulvimetal·lúrgia
Revestiments
Powder metallurgy
Coatings
description Cold spray (CS) is a solid-state deposition of coatings, or an additive manufacturing (CSAM) process employed to make parts maintaining the feedstock powders properties in the deposited material. One of the cons for industrial use of CS or CSAM is their higher costs compared to the traditional coating or manufacturing processes. Reducing the feedstock powder consumption by maximizing the deposition efficiency has been the focus of many works. However, depending on the part geometry (e.g., a plate with holes), and CSAM strategy with low deposition efficiency, a considerable mass of powder can pass through the substrate, failing to bond, and becoming a process waste. This work evaluates CS 316L stainless steel coatings, recovering the unbonded particles and reusing them in a later deposition, thus making coatings with reused powders. The original and recovered powders were characterized in terms of particle shape and size distribution, phase composition, microhardness, and other properties to evaluate the evolution of the particles' properties due to the recovery process. Besides the powders, the CS coatings obtained with original and recovered powders were evaluated through cross-section image analysis, where porosity, deposition efficiency, and microhardness were observed. The results indicate that the powders' physical properties undergo variations over multiple deposition cycles without significantly affecting the quality of the CS coatings, with porosity below 1.5% and microhardness around 350 HV0.3 in most cases. Recovering and reusing powder for CS promotes environmental sustainability and generates significant economic benefits. This study contributes to making CS more economically viable from a life cycle cost assessment perspective.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/222155
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/222155
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01884-3
Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 2024, vol. 34, p. 75-87
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-024-01884-3
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Ramirez et al., 2024
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Ramirez et al., 2024
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 13 p.
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv ASM International
publisher.none.fl_str_mv ASM International
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Articles publicats en revistes (Ciència dels Materials i Química Física)
reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,81155

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