Cretaceous mycelia preserving fungal polysaccharides: taphonomic and paleoecological potential of microorganisms preserved in fossil resins

The cortices of pieces of Cretaceous amber around the world commonly are constituted by networks of filamentous structures. Based on their morphological characteristics, such structures have previously been classified in different microorganismal groups. Their correct interpretation, however, is of...

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Autores: Speranza, M., Ascaso Ciria, Carmen, Delclòs Martínez, Xavier, Peñalver Mollá, Enrique
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2015
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:2445/100980
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/100980
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Paleoecologia
Ambre
Insectes fòssils
Cretaci
Paleoecology
Amber
Insects fossil
Cretaceous Period
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spelling Cretaceous mycelia preserving fungal polysaccharides: taphonomic and paleoecological potential of microorganisms preserved in fossil resinsSperanza, M.Ascaso Ciria, CarmenDelclòs Martínez, XavierPeñalver Mollá, EnriquePaleoecologiaAmbreInsectes fòssilsCretaciPaleoecologyAmberInsects fossilCretaceous PeriodThe cortices of pieces of Cretaceous amber around the world commonly are constituted by networks of filamentous structures. Based on their morphological characteristics, such structures have previously been classified in different microorganismal groups. Their correct interpretation, however, is of great importance to establish the conditions of the resin's burial in the forest litter, and can provide important clues regarding the ecology and environmental conditions of Cretaceous resinous forests. Because these networks of filamentous structures present typical fungal morphological features we conducted a study in order to resolve their origin. The cortices of several pieces of Cretaceous amber from Spain were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is the first time that Calcofluor white and Wheat germ agglutinin conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate have been employed as fungal markers in amber, and their use enabled us to detect preserved polysaccharides in the filamentous structures using confocal laser scanning microscopy. These results provide the first and oldest record of ß-1,3 and ß-1,4-linked polysaccharides, and specifically N-acetylglucosamine residues from chitin in a fossil fungus preserved in amber, and to demonstrate that the networks of filamentous structures are mycelia composed of profuse hyphae of a resinicolous fungus. This type of mycelium constitutes one of the largest fungal fossil records known. Using taphonomic data, it is demonstrated that the cortices originated during the Cretaceous due to fungal growth within non-solidified resin. The fossil diagenetic degradation sequence of the fungal hyphae and the surrounding amber is described. This degradation changed the microscopic appearance of the hyphae; thus, some of the previously indicated taxonomic features of this microorganism may actually be fossil diagenetic artifacts. The paleoecological implications with regard to fungal trophic requirements and forest environmental conditions are discussed(UB). (ICTJA). (IDEA). (UAB). (CSIC)2016201620152016info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion26 p.application/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/100980Articles publicats en revistes (Dinàmica de la Terra i l'Oceà)reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésReproducció del document publicat a: http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/GeologicaActa2015.13.4.8Geologica Acta, 2015, vol. 13, num. 4, p. 363-385http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/GeologicaActa2015.13.4.8(c) Speranza, M. et al., 2015info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:2445/1009802026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Cretaceous mycelia preserving fungal polysaccharides: taphonomic and paleoecological potential of microorganisms preserved in fossil resins
title Cretaceous mycelia preserving fungal polysaccharides: taphonomic and paleoecological potential of microorganisms preserved in fossil resins
spellingShingle Cretaceous mycelia preserving fungal polysaccharides: taphonomic and paleoecological potential of microorganisms preserved in fossil resins
Speranza, M.
Paleoecologia
Ambre
Insectes fòssils
Cretaci
Paleoecology
Amber
Insects fossil
Cretaceous Period
title_short Cretaceous mycelia preserving fungal polysaccharides: taphonomic and paleoecological potential of microorganisms preserved in fossil resins
title_full Cretaceous mycelia preserving fungal polysaccharides: taphonomic and paleoecological potential of microorganisms preserved in fossil resins
title_fullStr Cretaceous mycelia preserving fungal polysaccharides: taphonomic and paleoecological potential of microorganisms preserved in fossil resins
title_full_unstemmed Cretaceous mycelia preserving fungal polysaccharides: taphonomic and paleoecological potential of microorganisms preserved in fossil resins
title_sort Cretaceous mycelia preserving fungal polysaccharides: taphonomic and paleoecological potential of microorganisms preserved in fossil resins
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Speranza, M.
Ascaso Ciria, Carmen
Delclòs Martínez, Xavier
Peñalver Mollá, Enrique
author Speranza, M.
author_facet Speranza, M.
Ascaso Ciria, Carmen
Delclòs Martínez, Xavier
Peñalver Mollá, Enrique
author_role author
author2 Ascaso Ciria, Carmen
Delclòs Martínez, Xavier
Peñalver Mollá, Enrique
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Paleoecologia
Ambre
Insectes fòssils
Cretaci
Paleoecology
Amber
Insects fossil
Cretaceous Period
topic Paleoecologia
Ambre
Insectes fòssils
Cretaci
Paleoecology
Amber
Insects fossil
Cretaceous Period
description The cortices of pieces of Cretaceous amber around the world commonly are constituted by networks of filamentous structures. Based on their morphological characteristics, such structures have previously been classified in different microorganismal groups. Their correct interpretation, however, is of great importance to establish the conditions of the resin's burial in the forest litter, and can provide important clues regarding the ecology and environmental conditions of Cretaceous resinous forests. Because these networks of filamentous structures present typical fungal morphological features we conducted a study in order to resolve their origin. The cortices of several pieces of Cretaceous amber from Spain were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is the first time that Calcofluor white and Wheat germ agglutinin conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate have been employed as fungal markers in amber, and their use enabled us to detect preserved polysaccharides in the filamentous structures using confocal laser scanning microscopy. These results provide the first and oldest record of ß-1,3 and ß-1,4-linked polysaccharides, and specifically N-acetylglucosamine residues from chitin in a fossil fungus preserved in amber, and to demonstrate that the networks of filamentous structures are mycelia composed of profuse hyphae of a resinicolous fungus. This type of mycelium constitutes one of the largest fungal fossil records known. Using taphonomic data, it is demonstrated that the cortices originated during the Cretaceous due to fungal growth within non-solidified resin. The fossil diagenetic degradation sequence of the fungal hyphae and the surrounding amber is described. This degradation changed the microscopic appearance of the hyphae; thus, some of the previously indicated taxonomic features of this microorganism may actually be fossil diagenetic artifacts. The paleoecological implications with regard to fungal trophic requirements and forest environmental conditions are discussed
publishDate 2015
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2015
2016
2016
2016
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/100980
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/100980
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a: http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/GeologicaActa2015.13.4.8
Geologica Acta, 2015, vol. 13, num. 4, p. 363-385
http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/GeologicaActa2015.13.4.8
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv (c) Speranza, M. et al., 2015
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv (c) Speranza, M. et al., 2015
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 26 p.
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv (UB). (ICTJA). (IDEA). (UAB). (CSIC)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv (UB). (ICTJA). (IDEA). (UAB). (CSIC)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Articles publicats en revistes (Dinàmica de la Terra i l'Oceà)
reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,81155

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