Potential earthquake proxies from remote sensing data
At present, there is no clear scientific evidence of reliable earthquake precursors that can be used as an early warning system. However, many studies have also reported the existence of faint signatures that appear to be coupled to the occurrence of earthquakes. These anomalies have traditionally b...
| Autores: | , , , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | capítulo de libro |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/414954 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/414954 https://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1005382 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Earthquake prediction Remote sensing Earthquakes Precursors Land surface temperature GNSS Ionosphere TEC Scintillation Magnetic field Lithospheric-atmospheric-ionospheric coupling Statistical analysis Terratrèmols -- Predicció Teledetecció Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Teledetecció |
| Sumario: | At present, there is no clear scientific evidence of reliable earthquake precursors that can be used as an early warning system. However, many studies have also reported the existence of faint signatures that appear to be coupled to the occurrence of earthquakes. These anomalies have traditionally been detected using data from in-situ sensors near high-seismicity regions. On the other hand, remote sensors offer the potential of large spatial coverage and frequent revisit time, allowing the observation of remote areas such as deserts, mountains, polar caps, or the ocean. This chapter revises the state-of-the-art of the understanding of lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling. It also presents recent studies by the authors’ ongoing investigation on short-to-midterm earthquake precursors. The Earth observation variables discussed are (1) surface temperature anomalies from thermal infrared or microwave radiometer measurements, (2) atmospheric signatures, (3) ionospheric total electron density fluctuations or scintillation measured from GNSS signals, and (4) other geophysical variables, including geomagnetic field fluctuations, changes in the Schumann resonance frequency, or low-frequency electromagnetic radiation. However, despite the seismic hazard risk models that exist and the results shown by these studies, it is still very difficult to predict the occurrence of earthquakes. |
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