When proximity is not enough. A sociodemographic analysis of 15-minute city lifestyles

The x-minute city concept has gained prominence over the last decade. This approach promotes environmental and social sustainability by encouraging active transportation and enhancing accessibility for all residents. While the potential benefits of x-minute planning are well-documented, the equitabl...

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Autores: Maciejewska, Monika Wiktoria|||0000-0003-4368-0803, Cubells, Jerònia|||0000-0002-5744-2972, Marquet, Oriol|||0000-0002-7346-5664
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:311934
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/311934
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100119
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Accessibility
Active transport
Minute-city
Proximity
Travel behavior
Urban planning
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spelling When proximity is not enough. A sociodemographic analysis of 15-minute city lifestylesMaciejewska, Monika Wiktoria|||0000-0003-4368-0803Cubells, Jerònia|||0000-0002-5744-2972Marquet, Oriol|||0000-0002-7346-5664AccessibilityActive transportMinute-cityProximityTravel behaviorUrban planningThe x-minute city concept has gained prominence over the last decade. This approach promotes environmental and social sustainability by encouraging active transportation and enhancing accessibility for all residents. While the potential benefits of x-minute planning are well-documented, the equitable distribution and actual adoption of these benefits remain unclear. Previous research indicates that very few households manage to conduct all daily activities nearby, even in well-designed environments. Using Barcelona's dense, compact environment with its mixed land use and diverse amenities, this study explores what sociodemographic determinants better predict the use of 15 or 30-minute lifestyles. To do so, we combine highly disaggregated spatial datasets providing minimum walking times to a set of 25 everyday destinations, with travel behavior data. We first use a weighted linear model to assess whether proximity levels vary by sociodemographic factors. Then, we apply generalized additive models to test whether adhering to a 15/30-minute-city lifestyle depends solely on proximity to urban functions or if sociodemographic factors also play a role. The results indicate that, although 95 % and 99 % of respondents live in areas with access to urban amenities within 15 and 30 min respectively, their actual travel behavior shows that potential availability does not necessarily translate into actual usage. This study deepens our understanding of the cultural and societal factors that explain this disconnection-from the expansive nature of modern urban lifestyles to cultural preferences for novelty, variety, and exploration. We thus reflect on the complexity of fostering proximity-based travel behavior through built environment design and planning, highlighting the need for complementary social and policy measures. 22025-01-0120252025-01-01Articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://ddd.uab.cat/record/311934https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100119reponame:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UABinstname:Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaIngléseng"la Caixa" Foundation https://doi.org/10.13039/100010434 SR22-00147European Commission https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 101117700Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003030 2022/FI_B-00063open accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:ddd.uab.cat:3119342026-06-06T12:50:31Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv When proximity is not enough. A sociodemographic analysis of 15-minute city lifestyles
title When proximity is not enough. A sociodemographic analysis of 15-minute city lifestyles
spellingShingle When proximity is not enough. A sociodemographic analysis of 15-minute city lifestyles
Maciejewska, Monika Wiktoria|||0000-0003-4368-0803
Accessibility
Active transport
Minute-city
Proximity
Travel behavior
Urban planning
title_short When proximity is not enough. A sociodemographic analysis of 15-minute city lifestyles
title_full When proximity is not enough. A sociodemographic analysis of 15-minute city lifestyles
title_fullStr When proximity is not enough. A sociodemographic analysis of 15-minute city lifestyles
title_full_unstemmed When proximity is not enough. A sociodemographic analysis of 15-minute city lifestyles
title_sort When proximity is not enough. A sociodemographic analysis of 15-minute city lifestyles
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Maciejewska, Monika Wiktoria|||0000-0003-4368-0803
Cubells, Jerònia|||0000-0002-5744-2972
Marquet, Oriol|||0000-0002-7346-5664
author Maciejewska, Monika Wiktoria|||0000-0003-4368-0803
author_facet Maciejewska, Monika Wiktoria|||0000-0003-4368-0803
Cubells, Jerònia|||0000-0002-5744-2972
Marquet, Oriol|||0000-0002-7346-5664
author_role author
author2 Cubells, Jerònia|||0000-0002-5744-2972
Marquet, Oriol|||0000-0002-7346-5664
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Accessibility
Active transport
Minute-city
Proximity
Travel behavior
Urban planning
topic Accessibility
Active transport
Minute-city
Proximity
Travel behavior
Urban planning
description The x-minute city concept has gained prominence over the last decade. This approach promotes environmental and social sustainability by encouraging active transportation and enhancing accessibility for all residents. While the potential benefits of x-minute planning are well-documented, the equitable distribution and actual adoption of these benefits remain unclear. Previous research indicates that very few households manage to conduct all daily activities nearby, even in well-designed environments. Using Barcelona's dense, compact environment with its mixed land use and diverse amenities, this study explores what sociodemographic determinants better predict the use of 15 or 30-minute lifestyles. To do so, we combine highly disaggregated spatial datasets providing minimum walking times to a set of 25 everyday destinations, with travel behavior data. We first use a weighted linear model to assess whether proximity levels vary by sociodemographic factors. Then, we apply generalized additive models to test whether adhering to a 15/30-minute-city lifestyle depends solely on proximity to urban functions or if sociodemographic factors also play a role. The results indicate that, although 95 % and 99 % of respondents live in areas with access to urban amenities within 15 and 30 min respectively, their actual travel behavior shows that potential availability does not necessarily translate into actual usage. This study deepens our understanding of the cultural and societal factors that explain this disconnection-from the expansive nature of modern urban lifestyles to cultural preferences for novelty, variety, and exploration. We thus reflect on the complexity of fostering proximity-based travel behavior through built environment design and planning, highlighting the need for complementary social and policy measures.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2
2025-01-01
2025
2025-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://ddd.uab.cat/record/311934
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100119
url https://ddd.uab.cat/record/311934
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100119
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv "la Caixa" Foundation https://doi.org/10.13039/100010434 SR22-00147
European Commission https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 101117700
Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003030 2022/FI_B-00063
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
instname:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
instname_str Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
reponame_str Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
collection Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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