Probing the polarized emission from SMC X-1: The brightest X-ray pulsar observed by IXPE

Forsblom, Sofia V. et al.-- Full list of authors: Forsblom, Sofia V.; Tsygankov, Sergey S.; Poutanen, Juri; Doroshenko, Victor; Mushtukov, Alexander A.; Ng, Mason; Ravi, Swati; Marshall, Herman L.; Di Marco, Alessandro; La Monaca, Fabio; Malacaria, Christian; Mastroserio, Guglielmo; Loktev, Vladisla...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Forsblom, Sofia V., Agudo, Iván
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/388105
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/388105
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Accretion, accretion disks
Magnetic fields
Polarization
Stars: neutron
Pulsars: individual: SMC X-1
X-rays: binaries
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oai_identifier_str oai:digital.csic.es:10261/388105
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Probing the polarized emission from SMC X-1: The brightest X-ray pulsar observed by IXPE
title Probing the polarized emission from SMC X-1: The brightest X-ray pulsar observed by IXPE
spellingShingle Probing the polarized emission from SMC X-1: The brightest X-ray pulsar observed by IXPE
Forsblom, Sofia V.
Accretion, accretion disks
Magnetic fields
Polarization
Stars: neutron
Pulsars: individual: SMC X-1
X-rays: binaries
title_short Probing the polarized emission from SMC X-1: The brightest X-ray pulsar observed by IXPE
title_full Probing the polarized emission from SMC X-1: The brightest X-ray pulsar observed by IXPE
title_fullStr Probing the polarized emission from SMC X-1: The brightest X-ray pulsar observed by IXPE
title_full_unstemmed Probing the polarized emission from SMC X-1: The brightest X-ray pulsar observed by IXPE
title_sort Probing the polarized emission from SMC X-1: The brightest X-ray pulsar observed by IXPE
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Forsblom, Sofia V.
Agudo, Iván
author Forsblom, Sofia V.
author_facet Forsblom, Sofia V.
Agudo, Iván
author_role author
author2 Agudo, Iván
author2_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv NASA
Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
German Research Foundation
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Accretion, accretion disks
Magnetic fields
Polarization
Stars: neutron
Pulsars: individual: SMC X-1
X-rays: binaries
topic Accretion, accretion disks
Magnetic fields
Polarization
Stars: neutron
Pulsars: individual: SMC X-1
X-rays: binaries
description Forsblom, Sofia V. et al.-- Full list of authors: Forsblom, Sofia V.; Tsygankov, Sergey S.; Poutanen, Juri; Doroshenko, Victor; Mushtukov, Alexander A.; Ng, Mason; Ravi, Swati; Marshall, Herman L.; Di Marco, Alessandro; La Monaca, Fabio; Malacaria, Christian; Mastroserio, Guglielmo; Loktev, Vladislav; Possenti, Andrea; Suleimanov, Valery F.; Taverna, Roberto; Agudo, Iván; Antonelli, Lucio A.; Bachetti, Matteo; Baldini, Luca; Baumgartner, Wayne H.; Bellazzini, Ronaldo; Bianchi, Stefano; Bongiorno, Stephen D.; Bonino, Raffaella; Brez, Alessandro; Bucciantini, Niccolò; Capitanio, Fiamma; Castellano, Simone; Cavazzuti, Elisabetta; Chen, Chien-Ting; Ciprini, Stefano; Costa, Enrico; De Rosa, Alessandra; Del Monte, Ettore; Di Gesu, Laura; Di Lalla, Niccolò; Donnarumma, Immacolata; Dovčiak, Michal; Ehlert, Steven R.; Enoto, Teruaki; Evangelista, Yuri; Fabiani, Sergio; Ferrazzoli, Riccardo; Garcia, Javier A.; Gunji, Shuichi; Hayashida, Kiyoshi; Heyl, Jeremy; Iwakiri, Wataru; Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Kaaret, Philip; Karas, Vladimir; Kislat, Fabian; Kitaguchi, Takao; Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J.; Krawczynski, Henric; Latronico, Luca; Liodakis, Ioannis; Maldera, Simone; Manfreda, Alberto; Marin, Frédéric; Marinucci, Andrea; Marscher, Alan P.; Massaro, Francesco; Matt, Giorgio; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki; Mizuno, Tsunefumi; Muleri, Fabio; Negro, Michela; Ng, Chi-Yung; O'Dell, Stephen L.; Omodei, Nicola; Oppedisano, Chiara; Papitto, Alessandro; Pavlov, George G.; Peirson, Abel L.; Perri, Matteo; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa; Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier; Pilia, Maura; Puccetti, Simonetta; Ramsey, Brian D.; Rankin, John; Ratheesh, Ajay; Roberts, Oliver J.; Romani, Roger W.; Sgrò, Carmelo; Slane, Patrick; Soffitta, Paolo; Spandre, Gloria; Swartz, Douglas A.; Tamagawa, Toru; Tavecchio, Fabrizio; Tawara, Yuzuru; Tennant, Allyn F.; Thomas, Nicholas E.; Tombesi, Francesco; Trois, Alessio; Turolla, Roberto; Vink, Jacco; Weisskopf, Martin C.; Wu, Kinwah; Xie, Fei; Zane, Silvia
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/388105
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/388105
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450937
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869410203662811136
spelling Probing the polarized emission from SMC X-1: The brightest X-ray pulsar observed by IXPEForsblom, Sofia V.Agudo, IvánAccretion, accretion disksMagnetic fieldsPolarizationStars: neutronPulsars: individual: SMC X-1X-rays: binariesForsblom, Sofia V. et al.-- Full list of authors: Forsblom, Sofia V.; Tsygankov, Sergey S.; Poutanen, Juri; Doroshenko, Victor; Mushtukov, Alexander A.; Ng, Mason; Ravi, Swati; Marshall, Herman L.; Di Marco, Alessandro; La Monaca, Fabio; Malacaria, Christian; Mastroserio, Guglielmo; Loktev, Vladislav; Possenti, Andrea; Suleimanov, Valery F.; Taverna, Roberto; Agudo, Iván; Antonelli, Lucio A.; Bachetti, Matteo; Baldini, Luca; Baumgartner, Wayne H.; Bellazzini, Ronaldo; Bianchi, Stefano; Bongiorno, Stephen D.; Bonino, Raffaella; Brez, Alessandro; Bucciantini, Niccolò; Capitanio, Fiamma; Castellano, Simone; Cavazzuti, Elisabetta; Chen, Chien-Ting; Ciprini, Stefano; Costa, Enrico; De Rosa, Alessandra; Del Monte, Ettore; Di Gesu, Laura; Di Lalla, Niccolò; Donnarumma, Immacolata; Dovčiak, Michal; Ehlert, Steven R.; Enoto, Teruaki; Evangelista, Yuri; Fabiani, Sergio; Ferrazzoli, Riccardo; Garcia, Javier A.; Gunji, Shuichi; Hayashida, Kiyoshi; Heyl, Jeremy; Iwakiri, Wataru; Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Kaaret, Philip; Karas, Vladimir; Kislat, Fabian; Kitaguchi, Takao; Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J.; Krawczynski, Henric; Latronico, Luca; Liodakis, Ioannis; Maldera, Simone; Manfreda, Alberto; Marin, Frédéric; Marinucci, Andrea; Marscher, Alan P.; Massaro, Francesco; Matt, Giorgio; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki; Mizuno, Tsunefumi; Muleri, Fabio; Negro, Michela; Ng, Chi-Yung; O'Dell, Stephen L.; Omodei, Nicola; Oppedisano, Chiara; Papitto, Alessandro; Pavlov, George G.; Peirson, Abel L.; Perri, Matteo; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa; Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier; Pilia, Maura; Puccetti, Simonetta; Ramsey, Brian D.; Rankin, John; Ratheesh, Ajay; Roberts, Oliver J.; Romani, Roger W.; Sgrò, Carmelo; Slane, Patrick; Soffitta, Paolo; Spandre, Gloria; Swartz, Douglas A.; Tamagawa, Toru; Tavecchio, Fabrizio; Tawara, Yuzuru; Tennant, Allyn F.; Thomas, Nicholas E.; Tombesi, Francesco; Trois, Alessio; Turolla, Roberto; Vink, Jacco; Weisskopf, Martin C.; Wu, Kinwah; Xie, Fei; Zane, SilviaRecent observations of X-ray pulsars (XRPs) performed by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) have made it possible to investigate the intricate details of these objects in a new way, thanks to the added value of X-ray polarimetry. Here we present the results of the IXPE observations of SMC X-1, a member of the small group of XRPs displaying super-orbital variability. SMC X-1 was observed by IXPE three separate times during the high state of its super-orbital period. The observed luminosity in the 2–8 keV energy band of L ∼ 2 × 1038 erg s‑1 makes SMC X-1 the brightest XRP ever observed by IXPE. We detect significant polarization in all three observations, with values of the phase-averaged polarization degree (PD) and polarization angle (PA) of 3.2 ± 0.8% and 97° ±8° for Observation 1, 3.0 ± 0.9% and 90° ±8° for Observation 2, and 5.5 ± 1.1% and 80° ±6° for Observation 3, for the spectro-polarimetric analysis. The observed PD shows an increase over time with decreasing luminosity, while the PA decreases in decrements of ∼10°. The phase-resolved spectro-polarimetric analysis reveals significant detection of polarization in three out of seven phase bins, with the PD ranging between ∼2% and ∼10%, and a corresponding range in the PA from ∼70° to ∼100°. The pulse-phase resolved PD displays an apparent anti-correlation with the flux. Using the rotating vector model, we obtain constraints on the pulsar's geometrical properties for the individual observations. The position angle of the pulsar displays an evolution over time supporting the idea that we observe changes related to different super-orbital phases. Scattering in the wind of the precessing accretion disk may be responsible for the behavior of the polarimetric properties observed during the high-state of SMC X-1's super-orbital period. © The Authors 2024The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) is a joint US and Italian mission. The US contribution is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and led and managed by its Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), with industry partner Ball Aerospace (contract NNM15AA18C). The Italian contribution is supported by the Italian Space Agency (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, ASI) through contract ASI-OHBI-2022- 13-I.0, agreements ASI-INAF-2022-19-HH.0 and ASI-INFN-2017.13-H0, and its Space Science Data Center (SSDC) with agreements ASI-INAF-2022-14- HH.0 and ASI-INFN 2021-43-HH.0, and by the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in Italy. This research used data products provided by the IXPE Team (MSFC, SSDC, INAF, and INFN) and distributed with additional software tools by the High-Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). This research has been supported by the Vilho, Yrjö, and Kalle Väisälä foundation (SVF), the Ministry of Science and Higher Education grant 075-15-2024-647 (SST, JP), the UKRI Stephen Hawking fellowship (AAM) and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) grant WE 1312/59-1 (VFS). The work of RT, GM, FM and PS was partially funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) through grant PRIN 2022LWPEXW. IL was supported by the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Marshall Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities under contract with NASA.Peer reviewedEDP SciencesNASAAgenzia Spaziale ItalianaGerman Research FoundationConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202520252024info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/388105reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450937Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3881052026-05-22T06:33:51Z
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