Biomass-derived carbon sponges for use as sodium-ion capacitor electrodes
S-doped carbon sponges have been synthesized via an eco-friendly approach based on a salt-templating strategy followed by an easy S-doping process. Gluconic acid was chosen as a sustainable carbon precursor, sodium carbonate as a low toxicity, water-removable template, and sulfur as an environmental...
| Autores: | , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2023 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| Repositorio: | DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:digital.csic.es:10261/338516 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/338516 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85153334677 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | http://metadata.un.org/sdg/7 http://metadata.un.org/sdg/9 Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation |
| Sumario: | S-doped carbon sponges have been synthesized via an eco-friendly approach based on a salt-templating strategy followed by an easy S-doping process. Gluconic acid was chosen as a sustainable carbon precursor, sodium carbonate as a low toxicity, water-removable template, and sulfur as an environmentally benign, earth-abundant S-dopant. These carbon sponges are characterized by a 3D structure of thin interconnected carbon walls with a highly disordered structure, dilated mean interlayer spacing (d > 0.36 nm) and high content of electrochemically active covalent sulfur (up to 13% by weight, mainly as thiophene groups). As a result of these properties, they provide high sodium storage capacity at both low and high discharge rates: 524 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and 161 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1. A Na-ion capacitor was assembled with the S-doped carbon sponges with optimized sodium storage performance as the negative electrode and a gluten-derived highly porous 3D carbon (SBET ∼ 2600 m2 g−1) as the positive electrode. The sodium-ion capacitor with an optimized positive-to-negative electrode mass ratio of 1 can be steady cycled with low capacity fade of 0.0022% per cycle, and is able to deliver a high specific energy of 72 W h kg−1 under a high-power regime (24.4 kW kg−1). |
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