Efectores positivos y negativos de la embriogénesis somática y de microsporas de especies cultivadas y forestales: regulacion hormonal, pared celular y muerte celular
[EN]The in vitro somatic embryogenesis process is a fascinating example of cell totipotency and constitutes an important biotechnological tool for whole plant regeneration by reprogramming of different somatic cells. When microspore (pollen precursor cell) is the reprogrammed cell, the process is kn...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2021 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| Repositorio: | DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:digital.csic.es:10261/266984 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/266984 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Embriogénesis de microsporas Embriogénesis somática Fitohormonas Pared celular Proteasas Autofagia |
| Sumario: | [EN]The in vitro somatic embryogenesis process is a fascinating example of cell totipotency and constitutes an important biotechnological tool for whole plant regeneration by reprogramming of different somatic cells. When microspore (pollen precursor cell) is the reprogrammed cell, the process is known as microspore embryogenesis. In vivo, the microspores follow a strictly regulated gametophytic developmental pathway to produce mature pollen grains. However, in response to stress treatments, the microspore can be reprogrammed in vitro towards an embryogenesis pathway, producing haploid and double-haploid embryos and plants, widely used in plant breeding. However, despite the great interest of somatic embryogenesis, the regulatory mechanisms that underlie this process are still unknown. Understanding the regulation of the process will permit to improve its efficiency in species of agronomic and forestry interest.In this PhD thesis different effectors that promote or inhibit the somatic embryogenesis process have been studied, comparing their dynamics and possible involvement in three model species of interest in agriculture and forestry: rapeseed (Brassica napus), an oleaginous dicot plant; barley (Hordeum vulgare), a monocot, cereal; and cork oak (Quercus suber), a dicot, woody forest specie. The main objective of this thesis was to analyse new regulatory elements in order to know their role in somatic embryogenesis initiation and progression, focusing the study on the hormones auxin and cytokinin, cell wall remodeling, autophagy and PLCP proteases, by using two different systems of somatic embryogenesis. On the one hand, microspore embryogenesis, induced by different stress treatment in two crop plant species, heat (32°C) in B. napus and cold (4°C) in H. vulgare; and on the other hand, somatic embryogenesis induced from immature zygotic embryos in the forest specie Q. suber. In addition, a comparative study has been carried out in some analyses with the gametophytic developmental pathway (in vivo) of the pollen grain. |
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