Characterization of fruit and seed development in the genera Anacamptis and Serapias (Orchidaceae)

Developmental changes in the anatomy along with the maturation from ovaries to fruits and ovules to seeds were analyzed in two terrestrial species of the related genera Anacamptis and Serapias (Orchideae, Orchidaceae), using light and scanning electron microscopy. Our results show that the prolifera...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Ortúñez Rubio, Emma, Pérez-Guillén, Alegría, Gamarra Gamarra, Roberto
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Recursos:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:biblosearchi::0588641395bfbcf6dfc9c29e1521e2eb
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/10486/760260
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants14081229
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Ovary
placenta
ovule
embryo
testa
air space
raphides
Biología y Biomedicina / Biología
Descrição
Resumo:Developmental changes in the anatomy along with the maturation from ovaries to fruits and ovules to seeds were analyzed in two terrestrial species of the related genera Anacamptis and Serapias (Orchideae, Orchidaceae), using light and scanning electron microscopy. Our results show that the proliferation of the placentae and the differentiation of the ovules are well developed at the beginning of the anthesis. After fertilization of the ovules, a cavity of free air space is formed surrounding the embryo, contributing to the later buoyancy of seeds in both genera. At the last days of their development, the seeds showed slanting ridges in the periclinal walls of the testa cells. Raphides were observed in the valves, formed by packed needles composed of calcium oxalate, which contribute to avoiding herbivory. Lignification observed in the endocarp cells of the placenta and in the testa cells can be related to protecting the ovules and embryos. Terrestrial orchids need a faster maturation to ensure the efficacy of fertilization due to seasonal environmental changes in temperate areas, so developmental changes during the maturation of fruits and seeds take place in a shorter time than in epiphytic orchids