An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced state
Extreme high-frequency BL Lacs (EHBL) feature their synchrotron peak of the broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED) at vs ≥ 1017 Hz. The BL Lac object 1ES 2344+514 was included in the EHBL family because of its impressive shift of the synchrotron peak in 1996. During the following years, the s...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2020 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| Repositorio: | DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:digital.csic.es:10261/253972 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/253972 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Galaxies: active BL Lacertae objects: individuals: 1Es 2344+514 Gamma rays: galaxies ddc:520 |
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España |
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| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced state |
| title |
An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced state |
| spellingShingle |
An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced state Acciari, Victor Galaxies: active BL Lacertae objects: individuals: 1Es 2344+514 Gamma rays: galaxies ddc:520 |
| title_short |
An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced state |
| title_full |
An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced state |
| title_fullStr |
An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced state |
| title_full_unstemmed |
An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced state |
| title_sort |
An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced state |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Acciari, Victor Colak, S. M. Cerruti, Matteo Blanch, Oscar Delfino, Manuel C. Delgado, J. Souto Espiñeira, E. do Jouvin, L. Kerszberg, Daniel Martinez, Manel Moralejo, A. Moretti, Alberto Moreno, V. Munar-Adrover, P. Nigro, Cosimo Ninci, D. Nishijima, K. Noda, K. Nogués, Leyre Paredes, Josep M. Ribó, Marc Torres-Albà, N. Zheng, W. MAGIC Collaboration MWL Collaboration |
| author |
Acciari, Victor |
| author_facet |
Acciari, Victor Colak, S. M. Cerruti, Matteo Blanch, Oscar Delfino, Manuel C. Delgado, J. Souto Espiñeira, E. do Jouvin, L. Kerszberg, Daniel Martinez, Manel Moralejo, A. Moretti, Alberto Moreno, V. Munar-Adrover, P. Nigro, Cosimo Ninci, D. Nishijima, K. Noda, K. Nogués, Leyre Paredes, Josep M. Ribó, Marc Torres-Albà, N. Zheng, W. MAGIC Collaboration MWL Collaboration |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Colak, S. M. Cerruti, Matteo Blanch, Oscar Delfino, Manuel C. Delgado, J. Souto Espiñeira, E. do Jouvin, L. Kerszberg, Daniel Martinez, Manel Moralejo, A. Moretti, Alberto Moreno, V. Munar-Adrover, P. Nigro, Cosimo Ninci, D. Nishijima, K. Noda, K. Nogués, Leyre Paredes, Josep M. Ribó, Marc Torres-Albà, N. Zheng, W. MAGIC Collaboration MWL Collaboration |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
German Research Foundation Swiss National Science Foundation Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España) Department of Atomic Energy (India) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Academy of Finland Croatian Science Foundation University of Rijeka Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72] |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Galaxies: active BL Lacertae objects: individuals: 1Es 2344+514 Gamma rays: galaxies ddc:520 |
| topic |
Galaxies: active BL Lacertae objects: individuals: 1Es 2344+514 Gamma rays: galaxies ddc:520 |
| description |
Extreme high-frequency BL Lacs (EHBL) feature their synchrotron peak of the broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED) at vs ≥ 1017 Hz. The BL Lac object 1ES 2344+514 was included in the EHBL family because of its impressive shift of the synchrotron peak in 1996. During the following years, the source appeared to be in a low state without showing any extreme behaviours. In 2016 August, 1ES 2344+514 was detected with the groundbased γ -ray telescope FACT during a high γ -ray state, triggering multiwavelength (MWL) observations. We studied the MWL light curves of 1ES 2344+514 during the 2016 flaring state, using data from radio to very-high-energy (VHE) γ -rays taken with OVRO, KAIT, KVA, NOT, some telescopes of the GASP-WEBT collaboration at the Teide, Crimean, and St. Petersburg observatories, Swift-UVOT, Swift-XRT, Fermi-LAT, FACT, and MAGIC. With simultaneous observations of the flare, we built the broad-band SED and studied it in the framework of a leptonic and a hadronic model. The VHE γ -ray observations show a flux level of 55 per cent of the Crab Nebula flux above 300 GeV, similar to the historical maximum of 1995. The combination of MAGIC and Fermi-LAT spectra provides an unprecedented characterization of the inverse-Compton peak for this object during a flaring episode. The _ index of the intrinsic spectrum in the VHE γ -ray band is 2.04 ± 0.12stat ± 0.15sys.We find the source in an extreme state with a shift of the position of the synchrotron peak to frequencies above or equal to 1018 Hz. |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020 2021 2021 2021 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Publisher's version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| format |
article |
| status_str |
publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/253972 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/253972 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Oxford University Press Royal Astronomical Society |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Oxford University Press Royal Astronomical Society |
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reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
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Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
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DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
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DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
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An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced stateAcciari, VictorColak, S. M.Cerruti, MatteoBlanch, OscarDelfino, Manuel C.Delgado, J.Souto Espiñeira, E. doJouvin, L.Kerszberg, DanielMartinez, ManelMoralejo, A.Moretti, AlbertoMoreno, V.Munar-Adrover, P.Nigro, CosimoNinci, D.Nishijima, K.Noda, K.Nogués, LeyreParedes, Josep M.Ribó, MarcTorres-Albà, N.Zheng, W.MAGIC CollaborationMWL CollaborationGalaxies: activeBL Lacertae objects: individuals: 1Es 2344+514Gamma rays: galaxiesddc:520Extreme high-frequency BL Lacs (EHBL) feature their synchrotron peak of the broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED) at vs ≥ 1017 Hz. The BL Lac object 1ES 2344+514 was included in the EHBL family because of its impressive shift of the synchrotron peak in 1996. During the following years, the source appeared to be in a low state without showing any extreme behaviours. In 2016 August, 1ES 2344+514 was detected with the groundbased γ -ray telescope FACT during a high γ -ray state, triggering multiwavelength (MWL) observations. We studied the MWL light curves of 1ES 2344+514 during the 2016 flaring state, using data from radio to very-high-energy (VHE) γ -rays taken with OVRO, KAIT, KVA, NOT, some telescopes of the GASP-WEBT collaboration at the Teide, Crimean, and St. Petersburg observatories, Swift-UVOT, Swift-XRT, Fermi-LAT, FACT, and MAGIC. With simultaneous observations of the flare, we built the broad-band SED and studied it in the framework of a leptonic and a hadronic model. The VHE γ -ray observations show a flux level of 55 per cent of the Crab Nebula flux above 300 GeV, similar to the historical maximum of 1995. The combination of MAGIC and Fermi-LAT spectra provides an unprecedented characterization of the inverse-Compton peak for this object during a flaring episode. The _ index of the intrinsic spectrum in the VHE γ -ray band is 2.04 ± 0.12stat ± 0.15sys.We find the source in an extreme state with a shift of the position of the synchrotron peak to frequencies above or equal to 1018 Hz.The financial support of the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN and INAF, the Swiss National Fund SNF, the ERDF under the Spanish MINECO (FPA2017-87859-P, FPA2017-85668-P, FPA2017-82729-C6-2-R, FPA2017-82729-C6-6-R, FPA2017-82729-C6-5-R, AYA2015-71042-P, AYA2016-76012-C3-1-P, ESP2017-87055-C2-2-P, and FPA2017-90566-REDC), the Indian Department of Atomic Energy, the Japanese JSPS and MEXT, the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science, National RI Roadmap Project DO1-153/28.08.2018, and the Academy of Finland grant no. 320045 is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Spanish Centro de Excelencia ‘Severo Ochoa’ SEV-2016-0588 and SEV-2015-0548, and Unidad de Excelencia ‘María de Maeztu’ MDM-2014-0369, by the Croatian Science Foundation (HrZZ) Project IP-2016-06-9782 and the University of Rijeka Project 13.12.1.3.02, by the DFG Collaborative Research Centers SFB823/C4 and SFB876/C3, the Polish National Research Centre grant UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00382 and by the Brazilian MCTIC, CNPq, and FAPERJ. The FACT collaboration acknowledges the important contributions from ETH Zurich grants ETH-10.08-2 and ETH-27.12-1 as well as the funding by the Swiss SNF and the German BMBF (Verbundforschung Astro- und Astroteilchenphysik) and HAP (Helmoltz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics) are gratefully acknowledged. Part of this work is supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the Collaborative Research Center SFB 876 ‘Providing Information by Resource-Constrained Analysis’, project C3.Oxford University PressRoyal Astronomical SocietyGerman Research FoundationSwiss National Science FoundationMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Department of Atomic Energy (India)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceAcademy of FinlandCroatian Science FoundationUniversity of RijekaMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad (España)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2021202120202021info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/253972reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/FPA2017-87859-Pinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/FPA2017-85668-Pinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/FPA2017-82729-C6-2-Rinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/FPA2017-82729-C6-6-Rinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/FPA2017-82729-C6-5-Rinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/ESP2017-87055-C2-2-Pinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/FPA2017-90566-REDCinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AYA2015-71042-Pinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AYA2016-76012-C3-1-Phttp://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1702Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2539722026-05-22T06:33:51Z |
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