Beyond the numbers: A phenomenological analysis of women's childbirth experiences in Spain’s evolving healthcare system

Introduction: Childbirth is a transformative experience, yet many women worldwide encounter negative birth events that affect maternal wellbeing and mental health. The choice of birth setting significantly impacts outcomes, with midwifery-led units often associated with lower intervention rates and...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Palau-Costafreda, Roser, Nar Devi, Sonia, Gil Poisa, Maria, Pajares Manso, Amaia, España Vela, Ana, Obregón Gutiérrez, Noemí, Escuriet Peiró, Ramón, 1968-, Julià, Mireia, Graells-Sans, Ariadna
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10230/70937
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70937
http://dx.doi.org/10.18332/ejm/191895
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Patient-centered care
Midwifery care
Qualitative method
Midwifery-led unit
Childbirth experience
Childbirth expectations
Descripción
Sumario:Introduction: Childbirth is a transformative experience, yet many women worldwide encounter negative birth events that affect maternal wellbeing and mental health. The choice of birth setting significantly impacts outcomes, with midwifery-led units often associated with lower intervention rates and higher satisfaction levels. The recent introduction of midwifery-led units in Spain presents a unique opportunity to explore the impact of this model within a medicalized healthcare context. This study aims to understand the factors influencing women's perceptions of childbirth following the introduction of the first midwifery-led unit in the Spanish Healthcare System. Methods: This qualitative study employs a phenomenological approach within the constructivist paradigm. Four virtual focus groups were conducted with 19 women who gave birth in a hospital offering both an obstetric unit and an midwifery-led unit. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Three main themes emerged: ‘Shaping birth expectations’, highlighting the influence of social factors, family dynamics, and previous experiences on women’s childbirth expectations; ‘The childbirth essentials’, focusing on fundamental characteristics related to the model of care; and ‘Navigating the protective factors’, considering the central role of midwives in providing compassionate and respectful care. Conclusions: This study highlights the crucial role of expectations, care models, and midwifery roles in shaping childbirth experiences. The findings advocate for transforming Spain's medicalized healthcare system by integrating midwifery-led care units. By adopting a more biopsychosocial approach, healthcare providers and policymakers can promote respectful, individualized care, ultimately enhancing positive childbirth experiences for all women.