The Evolution of Gender Monitoring and its Challenges: the Case of Research and Innovation in Europe

This article examines the European Commission’s flagship initiative on gender monitoring in science and innovation, offering a responsible metrics perspective informed by equality policy literature. We qualitatively analyse all She Figures reports since their inception in 2003, exploring how gender...

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Autores: Otero-Hermida, Paula, Furió-Vico, Clara
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:digitalcsic_::1e88201035cdaa2bd377d489ecb9fb94
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/427932
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Gender mainstreaming
Women in science
Transformative metrics
Gendered data
Gendered innovation
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spelling The Evolution of Gender Monitoring and its Challenges: the Case of Research and Innovation in EuropeOtero-Hermida, PaulaFurió-Vico, ClaraGender mainstreamingWomen in scienceTransformative metricsGendered dataGendered innovationThis article examines the European Commission’s flagship initiative on gender monitoring in science and innovation, offering a responsible metrics perspective informed by equality policy literature. We qualitatively analyse all She Figures reports since their inception in 2003, exploring how gender monitoring has evolved and in which directions. Our analytical framework addresses the why (justifications and purposes), what (concepts, translations, topics, policy focus), and how (policy process, gendered framing, contextualisation) of monitoring practices. We assess the challenges inherent in using monitoring as a governance instrument within the European Union, and propose improvements. Over two decades, the initiative has shifted from competitiveness-oriented justifications towards more transformative objectives linked to gender equality and policy evaluation. The focus of measurement has expanded—from merely tracking presence to also including institutional processes, albeit still marginally. Despite notable progress in data availability and contextualisation, the analysis highlights the persistence of a superficial gender perspective in the conceptualisation, framing, and selection of indicators. We argue that the policy process could better incorporate the voices of those affected. To that end, the article offers concrete proposals grounded in multidimensional perspectives aimed at enhancing policy learning and producing more effective equality policies. Our aim is to present an encouraging vision of monitoring, one that places greater emphasis on who is being monitored and promotes the opening rather than the closure of critical debates.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities funded by the European Union's Resilience and Recovery Facility [Grant number: IJC2020-044013-I] and with the European Social Fund+ [Grant number: PID2022-136612OB-I00].Peer reviewedSpringerMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)European CommissionConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202620262025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/427932reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/IJC2020-044013-Iinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-136612OB-I00https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-025-03698-4Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:digitalcsic_::1e88201035cdaa2bd377d489ecb9fb942026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The Evolution of Gender Monitoring and its Challenges: the Case of Research and Innovation in Europe
title The Evolution of Gender Monitoring and its Challenges: the Case of Research and Innovation in Europe
spellingShingle The Evolution of Gender Monitoring and its Challenges: the Case of Research and Innovation in Europe
Otero-Hermida, Paula
Gender mainstreaming
Women in science
Transformative metrics
Gendered data
Gendered innovation
title_short The Evolution of Gender Monitoring and its Challenges: the Case of Research and Innovation in Europe
title_full The Evolution of Gender Monitoring and its Challenges: the Case of Research and Innovation in Europe
title_fullStr The Evolution of Gender Monitoring and its Challenges: the Case of Research and Innovation in Europe
title_full_unstemmed The Evolution of Gender Monitoring and its Challenges: the Case of Research and Innovation in Europe
title_sort The Evolution of Gender Monitoring and its Challenges: the Case of Research and Innovation in Europe
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Otero-Hermida, Paula
Furió-Vico, Clara
author Otero-Hermida, Paula
author_facet Otero-Hermida, Paula
Furió-Vico, Clara
author_role author
author2 Furió-Vico, Clara
author2_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
European Commission
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Gender mainstreaming
Women in science
Transformative metrics
Gendered data
Gendered innovation
topic Gender mainstreaming
Women in science
Transformative metrics
Gendered data
Gendered innovation
description This article examines the European Commission’s flagship initiative on gender monitoring in science and innovation, offering a responsible metrics perspective informed by equality policy literature. We qualitatively analyse all She Figures reports since their inception in 2003, exploring how gender monitoring has evolved and in which directions. Our analytical framework addresses the why (justifications and purposes), what (concepts, translations, topics, policy focus), and how (policy process, gendered framing, contextualisation) of monitoring practices. We assess the challenges inherent in using monitoring as a governance instrument within the European Union, and propose improvements. Over two decades, the initiative has shifted from competitiveness-oriented justifications towards more transformative objectives linked to gender equality and policy evaluation. The focus of measurement has expanded—from merely tracking presence to also including institutional processes, albeit still marginally. Despite notable progress in data availability and contextualisation, the analysis highlights the persistence of a superficial gender perspective in the conceptualisation, framing, and selection of indicators. We argue that the policy process could better incorporate the voices of those affected. To that end, the article offers concrete proposals grounded in multidimensional perspectives aimed at enhancing policy learning and producing more effective equality policies. Our aim is to present an encouraging vision of monitoring, one that places greater emphasis on who is being monitored and promotes the opening rather than the closure of critical debates.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/427932
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/427932
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
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info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/IJC2020-044013-I
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-136612OB-I00
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-025-03698-4
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
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