Increased ultra-processed food consumption is associated with worsening of cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with metabolic syndrome: Longitudinal analysis from a randomized trial

Abstract Background and aims The association between changes in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains understudied. We evaluated the association between changes in UPF consumption over 12 months of follow-up and changes in CMR factors in adults diagnos...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: González Palacios, Sandra, Oncina Cánovas, Alejandro, García de la Hera, Manuela, Martínez González, Miguel Ángel, 1957-, Salas Salvadó, Jordi, Corella Piquer, Dolores, Schröder, Helmut, 1958-, Martínez, J. Alfredo, Alonso Gómez, Ángel M., Wärnberg, Julia, Romaguera, Dora, López Miranda, José, Estruch Riba, Ramon, Tinahones, Francisco J., Lapetra, José, Serra Majem, Lluís, Cano Ibáñez, Naomi, Tur Marí, Josep A. (Josep Antoni), Martín Sánchez, Vicente, Pintó Sala, Xavier, Delgado Rodríguez, Miguel, Matía Martín, Pilar, Vidal i Cortada, Josep, Vázquez, Clotilde, Daimiel, Lidia, Ros Rahola, Emilio, Bes Rastrollo, Maira, Atzeni, Alessandro, Sorlí, José V., Zomeño Fajardo, María Dolores, Peña Orihuela, Patricia J., Compañ-Gabucio, Laura María, Barón López, Francisco Javier, Zulet, María Ángeles, Konieczna, Jadwiga, Casas Rodríguez, Rosa M., Garrido-Garrido, Eva Maria, Tojal Sierra, Lucas, Gómez-Pérez, Ana María, Ruiz-Canela, Miguel, Palau, Antoni, Saiz, Carmen, Pérez Vega, Karla Alejandra, García Ríos, Antonio, Torres-Collado, Laura, Basterra Gortari, F. Javier, Garcidueñas Fimbres, Tany E., Malcampo, Mireia, Vioque, Jesús
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
OAI Identifier:oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/225121
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/225121
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Síndrome metabòlica
Hàbits alimentaris
Malalties cardiovasculars
Metabolic syndrome
Food habits
Cardiovascular diseases
Descripción
Sumario:Abstract Background and aims The association between changes in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains understudied. We evaluated the association between changes in UPF consumption over 12 months of follow-up and changes in CMR factors in adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Methods We analysed data from 5373 adults (aged 55–75 years) participating in the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Diet was evaluated at baseline, 6- and 12-month visits using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and UPF consumption (in grams/day and percentage of total daily dietary intake in grams) was categorized based on NOVA classification. We used mixed-effects linear models with repeated measurements at baseline, 6 and 12 months of follow-up to assess the associations between changes in UPF consumption and changes in CMR factors adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyles variables. Results In multivariable-adjusted models, when comparing the highest versus the lowest quartile of UPF consumption, positive associations were found for several CMR factors: weight (kg, β = 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.26); BMI (kg/m2, β = 0.39; 0.33 to 0.46); waist circumference (cm, β = 1.03; 0.81 to 1.26); diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg, β = 0.67; 0.29 to 1.06); fasting blood glucose (mg/dl, β = 1.66; 0.61 to 2.70); HbA1c (%, β = 0.04; 0.01 to 0.07); triglycerides (mg/dl, β = 6.79; 3.66 to 9.91) and triglycerides and glucose index (β = 0.06; 0.04 to 0.08). Conclusions Higher UPF consumption was associated with adverse evolution in objectively measured CMR factors after 12 months of follow-up in adults with metabolic syndrome. Further research is needed to explore whether these changes persist for longer periods.

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