Ecosystem CO2 release driven by wind occurs in drylands at global scale

Subterranean ventilation is a non-diffusive transport process that provokes the abrupt transfer of CO2-rich air (previously stored) through water-free soil pores and cracks from the vadose zone to the atmosphere, under high-turbulence conditions. In dryland ecosystems, whose biological carbon exchan...

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Autores: Moya, M.R., López Ballesteros, Ana, Sánchez-Cañete, E.P., Serrano Ortiz, Penélope, Oyonarte, C., Domingo, F., Kowalski, A.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/69310
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/69310
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:drylands
eddy covariance
FLUXNET
global carbon cycle
ventilation
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spelling Ecosystem CO2 release driven by wind occurs in drylands at global scaleMoya, M.R.López Ballesteros, AnaSánchez-Cañete, E.P.Serrano Ortiz, PenélopeOyonarte, C.Domingo, F.Kowalski, A.drylandseddy covarianceFLUXNETglobal carbon cycleventilationSubterranean ventilation is a non-diffusive transport process that provokes the abrupt transfer of CO2-rich air (previously stored) through water-free soil pores and cracks from the vadose zone to the atmosphere, under high-turbulence conditions. In dryland ecosystems, whose biological carbon exchanges are poorly characterized, it can strongly determine eddy-covariance CO2 fluxes that are used to validate remote sensing products and constrain models of gross primary productivity. Although subterranean ventilation episodes (VE) may occur in arid and semi-arid regions, which are unsung players in the global carbon cycle, little research has focused on the role of VE CO2 emissions in land–atmosphere CO2 exchange. This study shows clear empirical evidence of globally occurring VE. To identify VE, we used in situ quality-controlled eddy-covariance open data of carbon fluxes and ancillary variables from 145 sites in different open land covers (grassland, cropland, shrubland, savanna, and barren) across the globe. We selected the analyzed database from the FLUXNET2015, AmeriFlux, OzFlux, and AsiaFlux networks. To standardize the analysis, we designed an algorithm to detect CO2 emissions produced by VE at all sites considered in this study. Its main requirement is the presence of considerable and non-spurious correlation between the friction velocity (i.e., turbulence) and CO2 emissions. Of the sites analyzed, 34% exhibited the occurrence of VE. This vented CO2 emerged mainly from arid ecosystems (84%) and sites with hot and dry periods. Despite some limitations in data availability, this research demonstrates that VE-driven CO2 emissions occur globally. Future research should seek a better understanding of its drivers and the improvement of partitioning models, to reduce uncertainties in estimated biological CO2 exchanges and infer their contribution to the global net ecosystem carbon balance. © 2022 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.This work used eddy-covariance data acquired and shared by the EC global and regional networks FLUXNET, AsiaFlux, OzFlux, and AmeriFlux. The individual sites DOIs citation is available in Tables S1–S3. We acknowledge the support from Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (FPU grant, 14/03497). This research was funded in part by projects ELEMENTAL (CGL2017-83538-C3-1-R) and INTEGRATYON3 (PID2020-117825GB-C21 and C22) through the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness; projects ICAERSA (P18-RT-3629), PESA2 (A-RNM-318-UGR18), BAGAMET (P20_00016), and Adquisición de Equipamiento científico-técnico (IE17_5560_EEZA), funded by the Counseling of Economy, Innovation, Science and Employment from the Government of Andalucía, all including European Union ERDF funds. We would like to thank the South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research for provide the data source for ZA-Sku. ALB was supported by Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contracts FJC2018-038192-I and IJC2020-045630-I, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, and supported by ref. MdM-2017-0714 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103.Global Change Biology202420242022info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/69310reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoIngléshttps://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16277info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/PID2020-117825GB-C21/info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/PID2020-117825GB-C22/info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MCIN/FJC2018-038192-I/https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16277info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/es/© 2022 The Authors.Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Españaoai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/693102026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Ecosystem CO2 release driven by wind occurs in drylands at global scale
title Ecosystem CO2 release driven by wind occurs in drylands at global scale
spellingShingle Ecosystem CO2 release driven by wind occurs in drylands at global scale
Moya, M.R.
drylands
eddy covariance
FLUXNET
global carbon cycle
ventilation
title_short Ecosystem CO2 release driven by wind occurs in drylands at global scale
title_full Ecosystem CO2 release driven by wind occurs in drylands at global scale
title_fullStr Ecosystem CO2 release driven by wind occurs in drylands at global scale
title_full_unstemmed Ecosystem CO2 release driven by wind occurs in drylands at global scale
title_sort Ecosystem CO2 release driven by wind occurs in drylands at global scale
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Moya, M.R.
López Ballesteros, Ana
Sánchez-Cañete, E.P.
Serrano Ortiz, Penélope
Oyonarte, C.
Domingo, F.
Kowalski, A.
author Moya, M.R.
author_facet Moya, M.R.
López Ballesteros, Ana
Sánchez-Cañete, E.P.
Serrano Ortiz, Penélope
Oyonarte, C.
Domingo, F.
Kowalski, A.
author_role author
author2 López Ballesteros, Ana
Sánchez-Cañete, E.P.
Serrano Ortiz, Penélope
Oyonarte, C.
Domingo, F.
Kowalski, A.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv drylands
eddy covariance
FLUXNET
global carbon cycle
ventilation
topic drylands
eddy covariance
FLUXNET
global carbon cycle
ventilation
description Subterranean ventilation is a non-diffusive transport process that provokes the abrupt transfer of CO2-rich air (previously stored) through water-free soil pores and cracks from the vadose zone to the atmosphere, under high-turbulence conditions. In dryland ecosystems, whose biological carbon exchanges are poorly characterized, it can strongly determine eddy-covariance CO2 fluxes that are used to validate remote sensing products and constrain models of gross primary productivity. Although subterranean ventilation episodes (VE) may occur in arid and semi-arid regions, which are unsung players in the global carbon cycle, little research has focused on the role of VE CO2 emissions in land–atmosphere CO2 exchange. This study shows clear empirical evidence of globally occurring VE. To identify VE, we used in situ quality-controlled eddy-covariance open data of carbon fluxes and ancillary variables from 145 sites in different open land covers (grassland, cropland, shrubland, savanna, and barren) across the globe. We selected the analyzed database from the FLUXNET2015, AmeriFlux, OzFlux, and AsiaFlux networks. To standardize the analysis, we designed an algorithm to detect CO2 emissions produced by VE at all sites considered in this study. Its main requirement is the presence of considerable and non-spurious correlation between the friction velocity (i.e., turbulence) and CO2 emissions. Of the sites analyzed, 34% exhibited the occurrence of VE. This vented CO2 emerged mainly from arid ecosystems (84%) and sites with hot and dry periods. Despite some limitations in data availability, this research demonstrates that VE-driven CO2 emissions occur globally. Future research should seek a better understanding of its drivers and the improvement of partitioning models, to reduce uncertainties in estimated biological CO2 exchanges and infer their contribution to the global net ecosystem carbon balance. © 2022 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2024
2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/69310
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/69310
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16277
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/PID2020-117825GB-C21/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/PID2020-117825GB-C22/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MCIN/FJC2018-038192-I/
https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16277
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/es/
© 2022 The Authors.
Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 España
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/es/
© 2022 The Authors.
Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 España
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Global Change Biology
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Global Change Biology
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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