A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae)

Widely distributed plant genera offer insights into biogeographic processes and biodiversity. The Carduus-Cirsium group, with over 600 species in eight genera, is diverse across the Holarctic regions, especially in the Mediterranean Basin, Southwest Asia, Japan, and North America. Despite this diver...

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Autores: Moreyra, Lucía D., Susanna de la Serna, Alfonso, Calleja, Juan Antonio, Ackerfield, Jennifer, Arabaci, Turan, Blanco-Gavaldà, C., Brochmann, Christian, Dirmenci, Tuncay, Fujikawa, Kazumi, Galbany-Casals, Mercè, Gao, Tian-Gang, Gizaw, Abel, Mehregan, Iraj, Vilatersana, Roser, Viruel, Juan, Yildiz, Bayram, Leliaert, Frederik, Seregin, Alexey P., Roquet, Cristina
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/378167
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/378167
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Biogeography
Carduinae
Cirsium
Diversification
Target-enrichment
Taxonomy
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repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae)
title A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae)
spellingShingle A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae)
Moreyra, Lucía D.
Biogeography
Carduinae
Cirsium
Diversification
Target-enrichment
Taxonomy
title_short A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae)
title_full A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae)
title_fullStr A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae)
title_full_unstemmed A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae)
title_sort A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Moreyra, Lucía D.
Susanna de la Serna, Alfonso
Calleja, Juan Antonio
Ackerfield, Jennifer
Arabaci, Turan
Blanco-Gavaldà, C.
Brochmann, Christian
Dirmenci, Tuncay
Fujikawa, Kazumi
Galbany-Casals, Mercè
Gao, Tian-Gang
Gizaw, Abel
Mehregan, Iraj
Vilatersana, Roser
Viruel, Juan
Yildiz, Bayram
Leliaert, Frederik
Seregin, Alexey P.
Roquet, Cristina
author Moreyra, Lucía D.
author_facet Moreyra, Lucía D.
Susanna de la Serna, Alfonso
Calleja, Juan Antonio
Ackerfield, Jennifer
Arabaci, Turan
Blanco-Gavaldà, C.
Brochmann, Christian
Dirmenci, Tuncay
Fujikawa, Kazumi
Galbany-Casals, Mercè
Gao, Tian-Gang
Gizaw, Abel
Mehregan, Iraj
Vilatersana, Roser
Viruel, Juan
Yildiz, Bayram
Leliaert, Frederik
Seregin, Alexey P.
Roquet, Cristina
author_role author
author2 Susanna de la Serna, Alfonso
Calleja, Juan Antonio
Ackerfield, Jennifer
Arabaci, Turan
Blanco-Gavaldà, C.
Brochmann, Christian
Dirmenci, Tuncay
Fujikawa, Kazumi
Galbany-Casals, Mercè
Gao, Tian-Gang
Gizaw, Abel
Mehregan, Iraj
Vilatersana, Roser
Viruel, Juan
Yildiz, Bayram
Leliaert, Frederik
Seregin, Alexey P.
Roquet, Cristina
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Generalitat de Catalunya
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Sino-Africa Joint Research Center
Moscow State University
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biogeography
Carduinae
Cirsium
Diversification
Target-enrichment
Taxonomy
topic Biogeography
Carduinae
Cirsium
Diversification
Target-enrichment
Taxonomy
description Widely distributed plant genera offer insights into biogeographic processes and biodiversity. The Carduus-Cirsium group, with over 600 species in eight genera, is diverse across the Holarctic regions, especially in the Mediterranean Basin, Southwest Asia, Japan, and North America. Despite this diversity, evolutionary and biogeographic processes within the group, particularly for the genus Cirsium, remain underexplored. This study examines the biogeographic history and diversification of the group, focusing on Cirsium, using the largest molecular dataset for the group (299 plants from 251 taxa). Phylogenomic analyses based on 350 nuclear loci, derived from target capture sequencing, revealed highly resolved and consistent phylogenetic trees, with some incongruences likely due to hybridization and incomplete lineage sorting. Ancestral range estimations suggest that the Carduus-Cirsium group originated during the Late Miocene in the Western Palearctic, particularly in the Mediterranean, Eastern Europe, or Southwest Asia. A key dispersal event to tropical eastern Africa around 10.7 million years ago led to the genera Afrocarduus and Afrocirsium, which later diversified in the Afromontane region. The two subgenera of Cirsium-Lophiolepis and Cirsium-began diversifying around 7.2-7.3 million years ago in the Western Palearctic. During the Early Pliocene, diversification rates increased, with both subgenera dispersing to Southwest Asia, where extensive in situ diversification occurred. Rapid radiations in North America and Japan during the Pleistocene were triggered by jump-dispersals events from Asia, likely driven by geographic isolation and ecological specialization. This added further layers of complexity to the already challenging taxonomic classification of Cirsium.Keywords: Biogeography; Carduinae; Cirsium; Diversification; North Hemisphere; Target-enrichment; Taxonomy.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/378167
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/378167
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICIU/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 /PD2019-105583
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108285
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier BV
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier BV
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae)Moreyra, Lucía D.Susanna de la Serna, AlfonsoCalleja, Juan AntonioAckerfield, JenniferArabaci, TuranBlanco-Gavaldà, C.Brochmann, ChristianDirmenci, TuncayFujikawa, KazumiGalbany-Casals, MercèGao, Tian-GangGizaw, AbelMehregan, IrajVilatersana, RoserViruel, JuanYildiz, BayramLeliaert, FrederikSeregin, Alexey P.Roquet, CristinaBiogeographyCarduinaeCirsiumDiversificationTarget-enrichmentTaxonomyWidely distributed plant genera offer insights into biogeographic processes and biodiversity. The Carduus-Cirsium group, with over 600 species in eight genera, is diverse across the Holarctic regions, especially in the Mediterranean Basin, Southwest Asia, Japan, and North America. Despite this diversity, evolutionary and biogeographic processes within the group, particularly for the genus Cirsium, remain underexplored. This study examines the biogeographic history and diversification of the group, focusing on Cirsium, using the largest molecular dataset for the group (299 plants from 251 taxa). Phylogenomic analyses based on 350 nuclear loci, derived from target capture sequencing, revealed highly resolved and consistent phylogenetic trees, with some incongruences likely due to hybridization and incomplete lineage sorting. Ancestral range estimations suggest that the Carduus-Cirsium group originated during the Late Miocene in the Western Palearctic, particularly in the Mediterranean, Eastern Europe, or Southwest Asia. A key dispersal event to tropical eastern Africa around 10.7 million years ago led to the genera Afrocarduus and Afrocirsium, which later diversified in the Afromontane region. The two subgenera of Cirsium-Lophiolepis and Cirsium-began diversifying around 7.2-7.3 million years ago in the Western Palearctic. During the Early Pliocene, diversification rates increased, with both subgenera dispersing to Southwest Asia, where extensive in situ diversification occurred. Rapid radiations in North America and Japan during the Pleistocene were triggered by jump-dispersals events from Asia, likely driven by geographic isolation and ecological specialization. This added further layers of complexity to the already challenging taxonomic classification of Cirsium.Keywords: Biogeography; Carduinae; Cirsium; Diversification; North Hemisphere; Target-enrichment; Taxonomy.This work received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PD2019-105583 GB-C21/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033, Ph.D. grant PRE2020-093069), the Catalan government (“Ajuts a grups consolidats” 2021SGR00315), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 32270229), the Sino-Africa Joint Research Center (grant no. SAJC201614). The work of A.P.S. on the curation of dry plant material was supported by the Moscow State University assignment (project 121032500090–7).AbstractGraphical abstractKeywords1. Introduction2. Material and methods2.1. Taxon sampling2.2. DNA extraction and target-capture sequencing2.3. Raw sequence processing and nuclear ortholog assignment2.4. Phylogenetic analyses2.5. Divergence time estimation2.6. Historical biogeographic inference2.7. Diversification analyses3. Results3.1. Target loci recovery3.2. Phylogenetic Relationships3.3. Divergence times and ancestral ranges3.4. Diversification analyses4. Discussion4.1. The early history of the Carduus-Cirsium group4.2. Biogeographic history of Cirsium4.3. Rapid radiation of Cirsium in Japan4.4. The North American Cirsium radiation resulted from a single dispersal from Asia4.5. Taxonomic implications4.5.1. The problem of Picnomon4.5.2. Hybrids in Cirsium: Cirsium italicum and C. vulgare4.5.3. Hybrids and systematicsCRediT authorship contribution statementFundingAcknowledgementsAppendix A. Supplementary dataData Availability StatementReferencesPeer reviewedElsevier BVMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Generalitat de CatalunyaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaSino-Africa Joint Research CenterMoscow State UniversityConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2025202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/378167reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICIU/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 /PD2019-105583http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108285Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3781672026-05-22T06:33:51Z
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