Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport

Tan, Zhengwei; Ma, Zheng; Privitera, S.; Liedke, Maciej O.; Hirschmann, Eric; Wagner, Andreas; Costa Krämer, José Luis; Quintana, Alberto; García-Tort, A.; Herrero Martín, Javier; Mei, Yongfeng; Chen, Xiang-Zhong; Tan, Huan; Fina, Ignasi; Sánchez Barrera, Florencio; Arredondo-López, A.; Ibrahim, Fatima; Chshiev, Mairbek; Longo, E.; Rovirola, M.; Macià, F.; Lopeandía, Aitor; Nogués, Josep; Pellicer, Eva; Sort, Jordi; Menéndez, Enric

Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport

Control of magnetism through voltage-driven ionic processes (i.e., magneto-ionics) holds potential for next-generation memories and computing. This stems from its non-volatility, flexibility in adjusting the magnitude and speed of magnetic modulation, and energy efficiency. Since magneto-ionics depe...

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Autores:	Tan, Zhengwei, Ma, Zheng, Privitera, S., Liedke, Maciej O., Hirschmann, Eric, Wagner, Andreas, Costa Krämer, José Luis, Quintana, Alberto, García-Tort, A., Herrero Martín, Javier, Mei, Yongfeng, Chen, Xiang-Zhong, Tan, Huan, Fina, Ignasi, Sánchez Barrera, Florencio, Arredondo-López, A., Ibrahim, Fatima, Chshiev, Mairbek, Longo, E., Rovirola, M., Macià, F., Lopeandía, Aitor, Nogués, Josep, Pellicer, Eva, Sort, Jordi, Menéndez, Enric
Tipo de documento:	artigo
Estado:	Versão publicada
Data de publicação:	2026
País:	España
Recursos:	Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositório:	DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:	oai:digital.csic.es:10261/425385
Acesso em linha:	http://hdl.handle.net/10261/425385 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105029842198
Access Level:	Acceso aberto

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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport
title	Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport
spellingShingle	Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport Tan, Zhengwei
title_short	Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport
title_full	Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport
title_fullStr	Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport
title_full_unstemmed	Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport
title_sort	Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv	Tan, Zhengwei Ma, Zheng Privitera, S. Liedke, Maciej O. Hirschmann, Eric Wagner, Andreas Costa Krämer, José Luis Quintana, Alberto García-Tort, A. Herrero Martín, Javier Mei, Yongfeng Chen, Xiang-Zhong Tan, Huan Fina, Ignasi Sánchez Barrera, Florencio Arredondo-López, A. Ibrahim, Fatima Chshiev, Mairbek Longo, E. Rovirola, M. Macià, F. Lopeandía, Aitor Nogués, Josep Pellicer, Eva Sort, Jordi Menéndez, Enric
author	Tan, Zhengwei
author_facet	Tan, Zhengwei Ma, Zheng Privitera, S. Liedke, Maciej O. Hirschmann, Eric Wagner, Andreas Costa Krämer, José Luis Quintana, Alberto García-Tort, A. Herrero Martín, Javier Mei, Yongfeng Chen, Xiang-Zhong Tan, Huan Fina, Ignasi Sánchez Barrera, Florencio Arredondo-López, A. Ibrahim, Fatima Chshiev, Mairbek Longo, E. Rovirola, M. Macià, F. Lopeandía, Aitor Nogués, Josep Pellicer, Eva Sort, Jordi Menéndez, Enric
author_role	author
author2	Ma, Zheng Privitera, S. Liedke, Maciej O. Hirschmann, Eric Wagner, Andreas Costa Krämer, José Luis Quintana, Alberto García-Tort, A. Herrero Martín, Javier Mei, Yongfeng Chen, Xiang-Zhong Tan, Huan Fina, Ignasi Sánchez Barrera, Florencio Arredondo-López, A. Ibrahim, Fatima Chshiev, Mairbek Longo, E. Rovirola, M. Macià, F. Lopeandía, Aitor Nogués, Josep Pellicer, Eva Sort, Jordi Menéndez, Enric
author2_role	author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv	National Natural Science Foundation of China Zhejiang Province European Commission European Research Council Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España) Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) Generalitat de Catalunya Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France) Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España) Nogués, Josep [0000-0003-4616-1371] Pellicer, Eva [0000-0002-8901-0998] Sort, Jordi [0000-0003-1213-3639] Menéndez, Enric [0000-0003-3809-2863] Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
description	Control of magnetism through voltage-driven ionic processes (i.e., magneto-ionics) holds potential for next-generation memories and computing. This stems from its non-volatility, flexibility in adjusting the magnitude and speed of magnetic modulation, and energy efficiency. Since magneto-ionics depends on factors like ionic radius and electronegativity, identifying alternative mobile ions is crucial to embrace new phenomena and applications. Here, the feasibility of C as a prospective magneto-ionic ion is investigated in a Fe-C system by electrolyte gating. In contrast to most magneto-ionic systems, Fe-C presents a reversible dual-ion mechanism: Fe and C act as cation and anion, respectively, moving uniformly in opposite directions under an applied electric field. This leads to a significant increase in saturation magnetization ( > 5-fold) with magneto-ionic rates larger than 1 emu·cm-3·s-1, and a 25-fold increase in coercivity. Since carbides exhibit minimal cytotoxicity, this introduces a biocompatible dimension to magneto-ionics, paving the way for the convergence of spintronics and biotechnology.
publishDate	2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2026 2026 2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Publisher's version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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status_str	publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv	http://hdl.handle.net/10261/425385 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105029842198
url	http://hdl.handle.net/10261/425385 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105029842198
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv	Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv	Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv	#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/861145 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101081337 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101054687 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2024-2027/PID2024-156385OB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2023-150721OB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PDC2023-145874-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2023-147211OB-C21 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/CEX2023-001263-S info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//CNS2022-135230 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/CEX2021-001214-S The underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-68283-w Tan, Zhengwei; Ma, Zheng; Privitera, S.; Liedke, Maciej O.; Hirschmann, Eric; Wagner, Andreas; Costa Krämer, José Luis; Quintana, Alberto; García-Tort, A.; Herrero Martín, Javier; Mei, Yongfeng; Chen, Xiang-Zhong; Tan, Huan; Fina, Ignasi; Sánchez Barrera, Florencio; Arredondo-López, A.; Ibrahim, Fatima; Chshiev, Mairbek; Longo, E.; Rovirola, M.; Macià, F.; Lopeandía, Aitor; Nogués, Josep; Pellicer, Eva; Sort, Jordi; Menéndez, Enric; 2025; Dataset for "Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport" manuscript; Figshare; https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.30910850.v1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-68283-w Sí
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Springer Nature
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Springer Nature
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv	reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str	Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str	DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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spelling	Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transportTan, ZhengweiMa, ZhengPrivitera, S.Liedke, Maciej O.Hirschmann, EricWagner, AndreasCosta Krämer, José LuisQuintana, AlbertoGarcía-Tort, A.Herrero Martín, JavierMei, YongfengChen, Xiang-ZhongTan, HuanFina, IgnasiSánchez Barrera, FlorencioArredondo-López, A.Ibrahim, FatimaChshiev, MairbekLongo, E.Rovirola, M.Macià, F.Lopeandía, AitorNogués, JosepPellicer, EvaSort, JordiMenéndez, EnricControl of magnetism through voltage-driven ionic processes (i.e., magneto-ionics) holds potential for next-generation memories and computing. This stems from its non-volatility, flexibility in adjusting the magnitude and speed of magnetic modulation, and energy efficiency. Since magneto-ionics depends on factors like ionic radius and electronegativity, identifying alternative mobile ions is crucial to embrace new phenomena and applications. Here, the feasibility of C as a prospective magneto-ionic ion is investigated in a Fe-C system by electrolyte gating. In contrast to most magneto-ionic systems, Fe-C presents a reversible dual-ion mechanism: Fe and C act as cation and anion, respectively, moving uniformly in opposite directions under an applied electric field. This leads to a significant increase in saturation magnetization ( > 5-fold) with magneto-ionic rates larger than 1 emu·cm-3·s-1, and a 25-fold increase in coercivity. Since carbides exhibit minimal cytotoxicity, this introduces a biocompatible dimension to magneto-ionics, paving the way for the convergence of spintronics and biotechnology.Financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation Research Funding, China, (Grant No. 52503312), Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Extreme Environment Functional Materials and the Zhejiang Provincial Postdoctoral Research Project First-Class Funding, China, (Grant No. ZJ2024029), European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (BeMAGIC European Training Network, ETN/ITN Marie Skłodowska–Curie grant N° 861145), the DOCFAM-PLUS within HORIZON-MSCA-2021-COFUND-01 (grant N° 101081337), the European Research Council (2021-ERC-Advanced REMINDS Grant N° 101054687), the Spanish Government (PID2024-156385OB-I00, PID2023-150721OB-I00, PDC2023-145874-I00, PID2023-147211OB-C21 and CEX2023-001263-S), the Generalitat de Catalunya (2021-SGR-00651 and 2021-SGR-00804), the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 & European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR (grant N° CNS2022-135230), and France 2030 government grant managed by the French National Research Agency PEPR SPIN ANR-22-EXSP 0009 (SPINTHEORY), is acknowledged. ICN2 is funded by the CERCA program/Generalitat de Catalunya. The ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa Centers of Excellence program, Grant CEX2021-001214-S, grant funded by MCIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Authors acknowledge the use of instrumentation financed through Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB) to ICN2, funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya. The XAS experiments were performed at BL29-BOREAS beamline at ALBA Synchrotron with the collaboration of ALBA staff under the in-house research proposal 2023027292. VEPALS were carried out at ELBE from the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf e. V., a member of the Helmholtz Association. We would like to thank the facility staff for their assistance. We would also like to thank the Micro- and Nanofabrication Lab at Yiwu Research Institute for their technical support. E.M. is a Serra Húnter Fellow.With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excelence" accreditation (CEX2023-001263-S)With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excelence" accreditation (CEX2021-001214-S)Peer reviewedSpringer NatureNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaZhejiang ProvinceEuropean CommissionEuropean Research CouncilAgencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Generalitat de CatalunyaAgence Nationale de la Recherche (France)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Nogués, Josep [0000-0003-4616-1371]Pellicer, Eva [0000-0002-8901-0998]Sort, Jordi [0000-0003-1213-3639]Menéndez, Enric [0000-0003-3809-2863]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202620262026info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/425385https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105029842198reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/861145info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101081337info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101054687info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2024-2027/PID2024-156385OB-I00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2023-150721OB-I00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PDC2023-145874-I00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2023-147211OB-C21info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/CEX2023-001263-Sinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//CNS2022-135230info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/CEX2021-001214-SThe underlying dataset has been published as supplementary material of the article in the publisher platform at DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-68283-wTan, Zhengwei; Ma, Zheng; Privitera, S.; Liedke, Maciej O.; Hirschmann, Eric; Wagner, Andreas; Costa Krämer, José Luis; Quintana, Alberto; García-Tort, A.; Herrero Martín, Javier; Mei, Yongfeng; Chen, Xiang-Zhong; Tan, Huan; Fina, Ignasi; Sánchez Barrera, Florencio; Arredondo-López, A.; Ibrahim, Fatima; Chshiev, Mairbek; Longo, E.; Rovirola, M.; Macià, F.; Lopeandía, Aitor; Nogués, Josep; Pellicer, Eva; Sort, Jordi; Menéndez, Enric; 2025; Dataset for "Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport" manuscript; Figshare; https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.30910850.v1https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-68283-wSíinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/4253852026-05-22T06:33:51Z
score	15,811543

Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport

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