The genomic history of Iberian horses since the last Ice Age

Horses have inhabited Iberia (present-day Spain and Portugal) since the Middle Pleistocene, shaping a complex history in the region. Iberia has been proposed as a potential domestication centre and is renowned for producing world-class bloodlines. Here, we generate genome-wide sequence data from 87...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Lira Garrido, Jaime, Tressières, Gaétan, Chauvey, Loreleï, Schiavinato, Stéphanie, Calvière-Tonasso, Laure, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Southon, John, Shapiro, Beth, Bataille, Clément, Pablos Fernández, Adrián
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/125439
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/125439
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:599.723:575(46)
Paleontología
Genética
2416.05 Paleontología de Los Vertebrados
2409.03 Genética de Poblaciones
Descripción
Sumario:Horses have inhabited Iberia (present-day Spain and Portugal) since the Middle Pleistocene, shaping a complex history in the region. Iberia has been proposed as a potential domestication centre and is renowned for producing world-class bloodlines. Here, we generate genome-wide sequence data from 87 ancient horse specimens (median coverage = 0.97X) from Iberia and the broader Mediterranean to reconstruct their genetic history over the last ~26,000 years. Here, we report that wild horses of the divergent IBE lineage inhabited Iberia from the Late Pleistocene, while domesticated DOM2 horses, native from the Pontic-Caspian steppes, already arrived ~1850 BCE. Admixture dating suggests breeding practices involving continued wild restocking until at least ~350 BCE, with IBE disappearing shortly after. Patterns of genetic affinity highlight the far-reaching influence of Iberian bloodlines across Europe and north Africa during the Iron Age and Antiquity, with continued impact extending thereafter, particularly during the colonization of the Americas.