Vitrimeric behavior revealed by fast scanning calorimetry in branched polyglycerol networks cross-linked by reversible enamine bonds

Dynamic covalent bonds formed by enamine have played a crucial role in the development of vitrimers by enabling their rearrangement and reprocessability. In this study, polymer networks obtained by cross-linking a β-ketoester-functionalized branched polyglycerol (PG-βkest) with three different diami...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Stavropoulou, Vasiliki-Maria, Aldecoa-Ortueta, Marta, Verde-Sesto, Ester, Di Lisio, Valerio, Lam, Anabel, Pomposo, José A., Alegría, Ángel, Cangialosi, Daniele, Barroso-Bujans, Fabienne
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2025
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/405839
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/405839
Access Level:Open access
Description
Summary:Dynamic covalent bonds formed by enamine have played a crucial role in the development of vitrimers by enabling their rearrangement and reprocessability. In this study, polymer networks obtained by cross-linking a β-ketoester-functionalized branched polyglycerol (PG-βkest) with three different diamines, i.e. diaminopropane (DAP), 2,2′-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine) (EDO) and Jeffamine D230 (Jeff) were generated through enamine bond formation enabling the formation of materials with tunable glass transition temperatures (Tg). A single, though broad, specific heat step was detected in all cases by conventional differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). However, by judiciously varying thermal protocols using fast scanning calorimetry (FSC), which permits heating/cooling rates as large as 1000 K s–1, we were able to separate and identify two distinct thermal events in the network composed by Jeff, used as a vitrimeric network model. Using Kissinger analysis, we conveyed information about the apparent activation energies of the two thermal events. In such a way, we were able to provide compelling evidence that the high-temperature event is due to a vitrimeric transformation (Tv), while the low-temperature event exhibits all the features of a conventional glass transition.