Sea urchin holobionts: microbiome variation across species, compartments and locations in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula

Understanding holobiont dynamics is essential for unraveling the complex interactions between marine hosts and their microbiota. Sea urchins play pivotal roles in shaping benthic ecosystems, yet the functional roles of their microbial symbionts remain poorly characterized. Here, we present a compara...

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Autores: Arranz, Vanessa, Schmütsch-Molina, Lea, Fernández-Vilert, Robert, Hernández, José Carlos, Pérez Portela, Rocío
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Oviedo (UNIOVI)
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
OAI Identifier:oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/226592
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/226592
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Eriçons de mar
Atlàntic (Costa)
Mediterrània (Costa)
Microbiota
Sea urchins
Atlantic Coast
Mediterranean Coast
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spelling Sea urchin holobionts: microbiome variation across species, compartments and locations in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixulaArranz, VanessaSchmütsch-Molina, LeaFernández-Vilert, RobertHernández, José CarlosPérez Portela, RocíoEriçons de marAtlàntic (Costa)Mediterrània (Costa)MicrobiotaSea urchinsAtlantic CoastMediterranean CoastMicrobiotaUnderstanding holobiont dynamics is essential for unraveling the complex interactions between marine hosts and their microbiota. Sea urchins play pivotal roles in shaping benthic ecosystems, yet the functional roles of their microbial symbionts remain poorly characterized. Here, we present a comparative microbiome analysis of two sympatric echinoid species, Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus which occupy contrasting trophic niches. P. lividus is primarily herbivorous, while A. lixula exhibits omnivorous and carnivorous feeding behavior. We characterized microbial communities from coelomic fluid, coelomocytes, and egested fecal pellets, collected from two biogeographic regions, the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Applying Next-Generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region) and using the FAPROTAX functional annotation database to infer microbial ecological functions, we found distinct microbial signatures shaped by host species, body compartment, and location. Notably, species-specific differences may reflect dietary preferences, with P. lividus enriched in sulfur-metabolizing and phototrophic bacteria, while A. lixula displayed functional signatures potentially linked to nitrogen cycling and microbial pathogenesis. Fecal microbiota exhibited the highest diversity and functional enrichment in carbohydrate degradation and nutrient cycling. Coelomic compartment hosted microbial assemblages with potential immune host-interaction traits, including intracellular symbiosis or parasitism. Geographic variation further shaped microbiota composition, with stronger location-dependent functional shifts observed in P. lividus. These findings reveal a high degree of spatial and functional differentiation in sea urchin microbiomes, highlighting the plastic nature of sea urchin microbiomes and their potential role in host adaptation to environmental change.Frontiers Media2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/226592Articles publicats en revistes (Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals)reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UBinstname:Universidad de Oviedo (UNIOVI)InglésReproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1615711Frontiers In Marine Science, 2025, vol. 12, p. 1-17https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1615711cc-by (c) Vanessa Arranz et al., 2025http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/2265922026-05-27T06:46:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Sea urchin holobionts: microbiome variation across species, compartments and locations in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula
title Sea urchin holobionts: microbiome variation across species, compartments and locations in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula
spellingShingle Sea urchin holobionts: microbiome variation across species, compartments and locations in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula
Arranz, Vanessa
Eriçons de mar
Atlàntic (Costa)
Mediterrània (Costa)
Microbiota
Sea urchins
Atlantic Coast
Mediterranean Coast
Microbiota
title_short Sea urchin holobionts: microbiome variation across species, compartments and locations in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula
title_full Sea urchin holobionts: microbiome variation across species, compartments and locations in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula
title_fullStr Sea urchin holobionts: microbiome variation across species, compartments and locations in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula
title_full_unstemmed Sea urchin holobionts: microbiome variation across species, compartments and locations in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula
title_sort Sea urchin holobionts: microbiome variation across species, compartments and locations in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Arranz, Vanessa
Schmütsch-Molina, Lea
Fernández-Vilert, Robert
Hernández, José Carlos
Pérez Portela, Rocío
author Arranz, Vanessa
author_facet Arranz, Vanessa
Schmütsch-Molina, Lea
Fernández-Vilert, Robert
Hernández, José Carlos
Pérez Portela, Rocío
author_role author
author2 Schmütsch-Molina, Lea
Fernández-Vilert, Robert
Hernández, José Carlos
Pérez Portela, Rocío
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Eriçons de mar
Atlàntic (Costa)
Mediterrània (Costa)
Microbiota
Sea urchins
Atlantic Coast
Mediterranean Coast
Microbiota
topic Eriçons de mar
Atlàntic (Costa)
Mediterrània (Costa)
Microbiota
Sea urchins
Atlantic Coast
Mediterranean Coast
Microbiota
description Understanding holobiont dynamics is essential for unraveling the complex interactions between marine hosts and their microbiota. Sea urchins play pivotal roles in shaping benthic ecosystems, yet the functional roles of their microbial symbionts remain poorly characterized. Here, we present a comparative microbiome analysis of two sympatric echinoid species, Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus which occupy contrasting trophic niches. P. lividus is primarily herbivorous, while A. lixula exhibits omnivorous and carnivorous feeding behavior. We characterized microbial communities from coelomic fluid, coelomocytes, and egested fecal pellets, collected from two biogeographic regions, the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Applying Next-Generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region) and using the FAPROTAX functional annotation database to infer microbial ecological functions, we found distinct microbial signatures shaped by host species, body compartment, and location. Notably, species-specific differences may reflect dietary preferences, with P. lividus enriched in sulfur-metabolizing and phototrophic bacteria, while A. lixula displayed functional signatures potentially linked to nitrogen cycling and microbial pathogenesis. Fecal microbiota exhibited the highest diversity and functional enrichment in carbohydrate degradation and nutrient cycling. Coelomic compartment hosted microbial assemblages with potential immune host-interaction traits, including intracellular symbiosis or parasitism. Geographic variation further shaped microbiota composition, with stronger location-dependent functional shifts observed in P. lividus. These findings reveal a high degree of spatial and functional differentiation in sea urchin microbiomes, highlighting the plastic nature of sea urchin microbiomes and their potential role in host adaptation to environmental change.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/226592
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/226592
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1615711
Frontiers In Marine Science, 2025, vol. 12, p. 1-17
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1615711
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Vanessa Arranz et al., 2025
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Vanessa Arranz et al., 2025
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Articles publicats en revistes (Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals)
reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
instname:Universidad de Oviedo (UNIOVI)
instname_str Universidad de Oviedo (UNIOVI)
reponame_str Dipòsit Digital de la UB
collection Dipòsit Digital de la UB
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812429

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