Tuning polylactic acid performance using green citrate plasticizers of varying chain lengths

[EN] The addition of these plasticizers increases the chain mobility of PLA, enhancing its deformability while reducing both tensile strength and elastic modulus. Mechanical testing identified TEC at 20 wt% as the most effective formulation, achieving an elongation of 307 % and a reduction in tensil...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Lázaro-Hernández, C.|||0009-0002-8250-9363, Fenollar, Octavio|||0000-0003-4323-7414, Garcia-Sanoguera, David|||0000-0002-1923-9519, Boronat, Teodomiro|||0000-0002-2144-2874, Ivorra-Martinez, Juan|||0000-0001-8968-4899, Stefani, Pablo M.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/232622
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232622
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:PLA
Plasticizers
Citrates
Ductility
12.- Garantizar las pautas de consumo y de producción sostenibles
Descripción
Sumario:[EN] The addition of these plasticizers increases the chain mobility of PLA, enhancing its deformability while reducing both tensile strength and elastic modulus. Mechanical testing identified TEC at 20 wt% as the most effective formulation, achieving an elongation of 307 % and a reduction in tensile strength from 70.6 MPa (PLA) to 25.2 MPa. Formulations containing 10 wt% exhibited anti-plasticization effects, with a slight reduction in elongation from 3.4 % to 3.2 %. Thermal and thermomechanical analyses corroborated the plasticizing effect, demonstrating a decrease in glass transition temperature from 59.6 °C to 19.3 °C, which indicates sufficient chain mobility to attain a rubber-like state at room temperature. Enhanced mobility also promoted crystallization by modifying nucleation behavior, altering crystal growth dimensionality, and reducing the activation energy required. Shape memory characterization revealed a rapid initial recovery in plasticized samples; however, total recovery diminished at higher plasticizer contents near 20 %, while lower concentrations exhibited recovery rates close to 90 %. Due to their low molecular weight of the plasticizers, migration is anticipated, resulting in measurable weight loss when exposed to food simulants. This migration phenomenon is associated with an increase in free volume, which also contributes to the improved ductile properties observed in plasticized PLA.