Cyclical dome formation and destruction leading to highly explosive PDCs at the Late Pleistocene Tlaloc volcano, Mexico

The age, eruptive dynamics, and magmatic processes driving the explosive eruptions of the Tlaloc stratovolcano remain poorly understood. These eruptions may reflect a cyclical phase of dome growth and destruction, as suggested by lithic content variations within the Late Pleistocene units of Tlaloc....

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Autores: Boijseauneau-López, Mario, Sosa-Ceballos, G., Bolós, Xavier, Macías, Jose Luis
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Recursos:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/408647
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/408647
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Tlaloc volcano
Dome
Felsic volcanism
Magma assimilation
Pyroclastic Density Currents
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spelling Cyclical dome formation and destruction leading to highly explosive PDCs at the Late Pleistocene Tlaloc volcano, MexicoBoijseauneau-López, MarioSosa-Ceballos, G.Bolós, XavierMacías, Jose LuisTlaloc volcanoDomeFelsic volcanismMagma assimilationPyroclastic Density CurrentsThe age, eruptive dynamics, and magmatic processes driving the explosive eruptions of the Tlaloc stratovolcano remain poorly understood. These eruptions may reflect a cyclical phase of dome growth and destruction, as suggested by lithic content variations within the Late Pleistocene units of Tlaloc. In this study, we present stratigraphic, petrological, and compositional analyses of three major units: Xichimanla (unknown age), La Joya (between 38 and 43.5 ka), and Tlaminca (∼34 ka). These units, consisting of pyroclastic density current (PDC) deposits emplaced along the NW gullies of the volcano, capture a significant part of its explosive eruptive history during the Late Pleistocene. The Xichimanla, La Joya, and Tlaminca units represent vent-opening events initiated by dome explosions, followed by boil-over-type eruptions. A distinct compositional transition from rhyodacite to rhyolite (64.16–69.25 wt% SiO2) is evident in the units. Textural and geochemical evidence, including banded pumice, disequilibrium textures in plagioclase, amphibole, and pyroxene, as well as the presence of xenoliths, xenocrystals and mineral relics, suggest that the explosive eruptions at Tlaloc were driven by magma mixing and crustal assimilation. The interaction between a mafic recharge magma and a resident felsic reservoir generated a hybridized melt, incorporating remobilized crystal mush parts from felsic reservoirs. These processes, along with volatile input from crustal assimilation, contributed to overpressure buildup and ultimately triggered explosive activity. Amphibole thermobarometry (100–500 MPa) from the La Joya PDC points to the presence of multiple magma reservoirs beneath Tlaloc, potentially explaining the compositional and textural variability. Moreover, the shift from effusive to explosive behavior may have been triggered by the intrusion of fresh, hot magmas into deeper reservoirs, introducing volatiles and heat that facilitated melt migration toward shallower chambers before eruption. These processes could explain the explosive eruptive dynamics of other stratovolcanoes in the Sierra Nevada of Mexico.This study was partially funded by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT 104097 to JLM).Peer reviewedElsevierConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/408647reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2025.108326Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/4086472026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Cyclical dome formation and destruction leading to highly explosive PDCs at the Late Pleistocene Tlaloc volcano, Mexico
title Cyclical dome formation and destruction leading to highly explosive PDCs at the Late Pleistocene Tlaloc volcano, Mexico
spellingShingle Cyclical dome formation and destruction leading to highly explosive PDCs at the Late Pleistocene Tlaloc volcano, Mexico
Boijseauneau-López, Mario
Tlaloc volcano
Dome
Felsic volcanism
Magma assimilation
Pyroclastic Density Currents
title_short Cyclical dome formation and destruction leading to highly explosive PDCs at the Late Pleistocene Tlaloc volcano, Mexico
title_full Cyclical dome formation and destruction leading to highly explosive PDCs at the Late Pleistocene Tlaloc volcano, Mexico
title_fullStr Cyclical dome formation and destruction leading to highly explosive PDCs at the Late Pleistocene Tlaloc volcano, Mexico
title_full_unstemmed Cyclical dome formation and destruction leading to highly explosive PDCs at the Late Pleistocene Tlaloc volcano, Mexico
title_sort Cyclical dome formation and destruction leading to highly explosive PDCs at the Late Pleistocene Tlaloc volcano, Mexico
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Boijseauneau-López, Mario
Sosa-Ceballos, G.
Bolós, Xavier
Macías, Jose Luis
author Boijseauneau-López, Mario
author_facet Boijseauneau-López, Mario
Sosa-Ceballos, G.
Bolós, Xavier
Macías, Jose Luis
author_role author
author2 Sosa-Ceballos, G.
Bolós, Xavier
Macías, Jose Luis
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Tlaloc volcano
Dome
Felsic volcanism
Magma assimilation
Pyroclastic Density Currents
topic Tlaloc volcano
Dome
Felsic volcanism
Magma assimilation
Pyroclastic Density Currents
description The age, eruptive dynamics, and magmatic processes driving the explosive eruptions of the Tlaloc stratovolcano remain poorly understood. These eruptions may reflect a cyclical phase of dome growth and destruction, as suggested by lithic content variations within the Late Pleistocene units of Tlaloc. In this study, we present stratigraphic, petrological, and compositional analyses of three major units: Xichimanla (unknown age), La Joya (between 38 and 43.5 ka), and Tlaminca (∼34 ka). These units, consisting of pyroclastic density current (PDC) deposits emplaced along the NW gullies of the volcano, capture a significant part of its explosive eruptive history during the Late Pleistocene. The Xichimanla, La Joya, and Tlaminca units represent vent-opening events initiated by dome explosions, followed by boil-over-type eruptions. A distinct compositional transition from rhyodacite to rhyolite (64.16–69.25 wt% SiO2) is evident in the units. Textural and geochemical evidence, including banded pumice, disequilibrium textures in plagioclase, amphibole, and pyroxene, as well as the presence of xenoliths, xenocrystals and mineral relics, suggest that the explosive eruptions at Tlaloc were driven by magma mixing and crustal assimilation. The interaction between a mafic recharge magma and a resident felsic reservoir generated a hybridized melt, incorporating remobilized crystal mush parts from felsic reservoirs. These processes, along with volatile input from crustal assimilation, contributed to overpressure buildup and ultimately triggered explosive activity. Amphibole thermobarometry (100–500 MPa) from the La Joya PDC points to the presence of multiple magma reservoirs beneath Tlaloc, potentially explaining the compositional and textural variability. Moreover, the shift from effusive to explosive behavior may have been triggered by the intrusion of fresh, hot magmas into deeper reservoirs, introducing volatiles and heat that facilitated melt migration toward shallower chambers before eruption. These processes could explain the explosive eruptive dynamics of other stratovolcanoes in the Sierra Nevada of Mexico.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/408647
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/408647
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2025.108326
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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