Toward a plasmon-based biosensor throughout a thermoresponsive hydrogel

This study investigates the potential of thermoresponsive hydrogels as innovative substrates for future in vitro diagnostic (IVD) applications using AVAC technology, developed and patented by the Mecwins biomedical company. In order to convert the hydrogel in a substrate compatible with AVAC technol...

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Authors: Parra, Anne, Ahumada Heredero, Óscar, Thon, Andreas, Pini, Valerio, Mingot Béjar, Julia|||0000-0003-3675-1044, Armelín Diggroc, Elaine Aparecida|||0000-0002-0658-7696, Alemán Llansó, Carlos|||0000-0003-4462-6075, Lanzalaco, Sonia|||0000-0002-8604-5095
Format: article
Publication Date:2024
Country:España
Institution:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repository:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/423327
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/423327
https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.4c02255
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Plasmonic detection
Thermoresponsive hydrogel
Gold nanoparticles
Biomarker classification
Nanoparticle permeation
Dark-field microscopy
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica
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spelling Toward a plasmon-based biosensor throughout a thermoresponsive hydrogelParra, AnneAhumada Heredero, ÓscarThon, AndreasPini, ValerioMingot Béjar, Julia|||0000-0003-3675-1044Armelín Diggroc, Elaine Aparecida|||0000-0002-0658-7696Alemán Llansó, Carlos|||0000-0003-4462-6075Lanzalaco, Sonia|||0000-0002-8604-5095Plasmonic detectionThermoresponsive hydrogelGold nanoparticlesBiomarker classificationNanoparticle permeationDark-field microscopyÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdicaThis study investigates the potential of thermoresponsive hydrogels as innovative substrates for future in vitro diagnostic (IVD) applications using AVAC technology, developed and patented by the Mecwins biomedical company. In order to convert the hydrogel in a substrate compatible with AVAC technology, the following prerequisites were established: (1) the hydrogel layer needs to be permeable to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and (2) the optical properties of the hydrogel should not interfere with the detection of AuNPs with AVAC technology. These two key aspects are evaluated in this work. A silicon substrate (Sil) was coated with a layer of a thermosensitive hydrogel (TSH) based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N,N'-methylene bis(acrylamide) (PNIPAAm-co-MBA). The TSH offers the advantage of easy modulation of its porosity through cross-linker adjustments, crucial for the plasmonic nanoparticle (NP) permeation. The platforms, denominated as (Sil)-g-(PNIPAAm-co-MBA), were fabricated by changing the cross-linker concentrations and exploring three deposition methods: drop casting (DC), spin coating (SC), and 3D printing (3D); the DC approach resulted in a very homogeneous and thin hydrogel layer, very suitable for the final application. Furthermore, after physical-chemical characterization, the TSH demonstrated its functionality in regulating nanoparticle absorption, and AVAC technology’s capability to precisely identify such NPs through the hydrogel matrix was validated. The proposed hydrogel platform fulfills the initial requirements, opening the possibility for employing these hydrogels as dynamic substrates in sandwich immunoassay devices. The next step in the development of the hydrogel substrate would be its functionalization with biorecognition groups to allow for biomarker detection. By leveraging their enhanced capture efficiency and the ability to manipulate particle flow thermally, we anticipate a significant advancement in diagnostic methodologies, combining the spatial benefits of three-dimensional hydrogel structures with the precision of AVAC’s digital detection.This work has received partial funding from the Grant PID2021-125257OB-I00, by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by ERDF “A way of making Europe”, by the European Union and from the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca-AGAUR (2021SGR00387). A. Parra acknowledges funding of her training from “Ayudas a Doctorandos Industriales” of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through project DIN2020-011175.Peer ReviewedAmerican Chemical Society (ACS)20242024-01-0120252025-02-04journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/423327https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.4c02255reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/4233272026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Toward a plasmon-based biosensor throughout a thermoresponsive hydrogel
title Toward a plasmon-based biosensor throughout a thermoresponsive hydrogel
spellingShingle Toward a plasmon-based biosensor throughout a thermoresponsive hydrogel
Parra, Anne
Plasmonic detection
Thermoresponsive hydrogel
Gold nanoparticles
Biomarker classification
Nanoparticle permeation
Dark-field microscopy
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica
title_short Toward a plasmon-based biosensor throughout a thermoresponsive hydrogel
title_full Toward a plasmon-based biosensor throughout a thermoresponsive hydrogel
title_fullStr Toward a plasmon-based biosensor throughout a thermoresponsive hydrogel
title_full_unstemmed Toward a plasmon-based biosensor throughout a thermoresponsive hydrogel
title_sort Toward a plasmon-based biosensor throughout a thermoresponsive hydrogel
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Parra, Anne
Ahumada Heredero, Óscar
Thon, Andreas
Pini, Valerio
Mingot Béjar, Julia|||0000-0003-3675-1044
Armelín Diggroc, Elaine Aparecida|||0000-0002-0658-7696
Alemán Llansó, Carlos|||0000-0003-4462-6075
Lanzalaco, Sonia|||0000-0002-8604-5095
author Parra, Anne
author_facet Parra, Anne
Ahumada Heredero, Óscar
Thon, Andreas
Pini, Valerio
Mingot Béjar, Julia|||0000-0003-3675-1044
Armelín Diggroc, Elaine Aparecida|||0000-0002-0658-7696
Alemán Llansó, Carlos|||0000-0003-4462-6075
Lanzalaco, Sonia|||0000-0002-8604-5095
author_role author
author2 Ahumada Heredero, Óscar
Thon, Andreas
Pini, Valerio
Mingot Béjar, Julia|||0000-0003-3675-1044
Armelín Diggroc, Elaine Aparecida|||0000-0002-0658-7696
Alemán Llansó, Carlos|||0000-0003-4462-6075
Lanzalaco, Sonia|||0000-0002-8604-5095
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Plasmonic detection
Thermoresponsive hydrogel
Gold nanoparticles
Biomarker classification
Nanoparticle permeation
Dark-field microscopy
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica
topic Plasmonic detection
Thermoresponsive hydrogel
Gold nanoparticles
Biomarker classification
Nanoparticle permeation
Dark-field microscopy
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica
description This study investigates the potential of thermoresponsive hydrogels as innovative substrates for future in vitro diagnostic (IVD) applications using AVAC technology, developed and patented by the Mecwins biomedical company. In order to convert the hydrogel in a substrate compatible with AVAC technology, the following prerequisites were established: (1) the hydrogel layer needs to be permeable to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and (2) the optical properties of the hydrogel should not interfere with the detection of AuNPs with AVAC technology. These two key aspects are evaluated in this work. A silicon substrate (Sil) was coated with a layer of a thermosensitive hydrogel (TSH) based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N,N'-methylene bis(acrylamide) (PNIPAAm-co-MBA). The TSH offers the advantage of easy modulation of its porosity through cross-linker adjustments, crucial for the plasmonic nanoparticle (NP) permeation. The platforms, denominated as (Sil)-g-(PNIPAAm-co-MBA), were fabricated by changing the cross-linker concentrations and exploring three deposition methods: drop casting (DC), spin coating (SC), and 3D printing (3D); the DC approach resulted in a very homogeneous and thin hydrogel layer, very suitable for the final application. Furthermore, after physical-chemical characterization, the TSH demonstrated its functionality in regulating nanoparticle absorption, and AVAC technology’s capability to precisely identify such NPs through the hydrogel matrix was validated. The proposed hydrogel platform fulfills the initial requirements, opening the possibility for employing these hydrogels as dynamic substrates in sandwich immunoassay devices. The next step in the development of the hydrogel substrate would be its functionalization with biorecognition groups to allow for biomarker detection. By leveraging their enhanced capture efficiency and the ability to manipulate particle flow thermally, we anticipate a significant advancement in diagnostic methodologies, combining the spatial benefits of three-dimensional hydrogel structures with the precision of AVAC’s digital detection.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2024-01-01
2025
2025-02-04
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/423327
https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.4c02255
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/423327
https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.4c02255
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Chemical Society (ACS)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Chemical Society (ACS)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869408956336570368
score 15.812429

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