A Community in Life and Death: The Late Neolithic Megalithic Tomb at Alto de Reinoso (Burgos, Spain)

The analysis of the human remains from the megalithic tomb at Alto de Reinoso represents the widest integrative study of a Neolithic collective burial in Spain. Combining archaeology, osteology, molecular genetics and stable isotope analysis (87Sr/86Sr, δ15N, δ13C) it provides a wealth of informatio...

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Autores: Kurt, W. Alt, Zesch, Stephanie, Garrido Pena, Rafael, Knipper, Corina, Szécsényi Nagy, Anna, Roth, Christina, Tejedor Rodríguez, Cristina, Held, Petra, García Martínez de Lagrán, Íñigo, Navitainuck, Denise, Arcusa Magallón, Héctor, Rojo Guerra, Manuel A.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/674304
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10486/674304
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146176
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Burgos (España)
Neolítico
Arte megalítico
Arqueología
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spelling A Community in Life and Death: The Late Neolithic Megalithic Tomb at Alto de Reinoso (Burgos, Spain)Kurt, W. AltZesch, StephanieGarrido Pena, RafaelKnipper, CorinaSzécsényi Nagy, AnnaRoth, ChristinaTejedor Rodríguez, CristinaHeld, PetraGarcía Martínez de Lagrán, ÍñigoNavitainuck, DeniseArcusa Magallón, HéctorRojo Guerra, Manuel A.Burgos (España)NeolíticoArte megalíticoArqueologíaThe analysis of the human remains from the megalithic tomb at Alto de Reinoso represents the widest integrative study of a Neolithic collective burial in Spain. Combining archaeology, osteology, molecular genetics and stable isotope analysis (87Sr/86Sr, δ15N, δ13C) it provides a wealth of information on the minimum number of individuals, age, sex, body height, pathologies, mitochondrial DNA profiles, kinship relations, mobility, and diet. The grave was in use for approximately one hundred years around 3700 cal BC, thus dating from the Late Neolithic of the Iberian chronology. At the bottom of the collective tomb, six complete and six partial skeletons lay in anatomically correct positions. Above them, further bodies represented a subsequent and different use of the tomb, with almost all of the skeletons exhibiting signs of manipulation such as missing skeletal parts, especially skulls. The megalithic monument comprised at least 47 individuals, including males, females, and subadults, although children aged 0–6 years were underrepresented. The skeletal remains exhibited a moderate number of pathologies, such as degenerative joint diseases, healed fractures, cranial trauma, and a low intensity of caries. The mitochondrial DNA profiles revealed a pattern pointing to a closely related local community with matrilineal kinship patterns. In some cases adjacent individuals in the bottom layer showed familial relationships. According to their strontium isotope ratios, only a few individuals were likely to have spent their early childhood in a different geological environment, whilst the majority of individuals grew up locally. Carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis, which was undertaken to reconstruct the dietary habits, indicated that this was a homogeneous group with egalitarian access to food. Cereals and small ruminants were the principal sources of nutrition. These data fit in well with a lifestyle typical of sedentary farming populations in the Spanish Meseta during this period of the NeolithicPublic Library of ScienceDepartamento de Prehistoria y ArqueologíaFacultad de Filosofía y Letras20162016-01-01research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10486/674304https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146176reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAMinstname:Universidad Autónoma de MadridInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/6743042026-06-23T12:46:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A Community in Life and Death: The Late Neolithic Megalithic Tomb at Alto de Reinoso (Burgos, Spain)
title A Community in Life and Death: The Late Neolithic Megalithic Tomb at Alto de Reinoso (Burgos, Spain)
spellingShingle A Community in Life and Death: The Late Neolithic Megalithic Tomb at Alto de Reinoso (Burgos, Spain)
Kurt, W. Alt
Burgos (España)
Neolítico
Arte megalítico
Arqueología
title_short A Community in Life and Death: The Late Neolithic Megalithic Tomb at Alto de Reinoso (Burgos, Spain)
title_full A Community in Life and Death: The Late Neolithic Megalithic Tomb at Alto de Reinoso (Burgos, Spain)
title_fullStr A Community in Life and Death: The Late Neolithic Megalithic Tomb at Alto de Reinoso (Burgos, Spain)
title_full_unstemmed A Community in Life and Death: The Late Neolithic Megalithic Tomb at Alto de Reinoso (Burgos, Spain)
title_sort A Community in Life and Death: The Late Neolithic Megalithic Tomb at Alto de Reinoso (Burgos, Spain)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Kurt, W. Alt
Zesch, Stephanie
Garrido Pena, Rafael
Knipper, Corina
Szécsényi Nagy, Anna
Roth, Christina
Tejedor Rodríguez, Cristina
Held, Petra
García Martínez de Lagrán, Íñigo
Navitainuck, Denise
Arcusa Magallón, Héctor
Rojo Guerra, Manuel A.
author Kurt, W. Alt
author_facet Kurt, W. Alt
Zesch, Stephanie
Garrido Pena, Rafael
Knipper, Corina
Szécsényi Nagy, Anna
Roth, Christina
Tejedor Rodríguez, Cristina
Held, Petra
García Martínez de Lagrán, Íñigo
Navitainuck, Denise
Arcusa Magallón, Héctor
Rojo Guerra, Manuel A.
author_role author
author2 Zesch, Stephanie
Garrido Pena, Rafael
Knipper, Corina
Szécsényi Nagy, Anna
Roth, Christina
Tejedor Rodríguez, Cristina
Held, Petra
García Martínez de Lagrán, Íñigo
Navitainuck, Denise
Arcusa Magallón, Héctor
Rojo Guerra, Manuel A.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología
Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Burgos (España)
Neolítico
Arte megalítico
Arqueología
topic Burgos (España)
Neolítico
Arte megalítico
Arqueología
description The analysis of the human remains from the megalithic tomb at Alto de Reinoso represents the widest integrative study of a Neolithic collective burial in Spain. Combining archaeology, osteology, molecular genetics and stable isotope analysis (87Sr/86Sr, δ15N, δ13C) it provides a wealth of information on the minimum number of individuals, age, sex, body height, pathologies, mitochondrial DNA profiles, kinship relations, mobility, and diet. The grave was in use for approximately one hundred years around 3700 cal BC, thus dating from the Late Neolithic of the Iberian chronology. At the bottom of the collective tomb, six complete and six partial skeletons lay in anatomically correct positions. Above them, further bodies represented a subsequent and different use of the tomb, with almost all of the skeletons exhibiting signs of manipulation such as missing skeletal parts, especially skulls. The megalithic monument comprised at least 47 individuals, including males, females, and subadults, although children aged 0–6 years were underrepresented. The skeletal remains exhibited a moderate number of pathologies, such as degenerative joint diseases, healed fractures, cranial trauma, and a low intensity of caries. The mitochondrial DNA profiles revealed a pattern pointing to a closely related local community with matrilineal kinship patterns. In some cases adjacent individuals in the bottom layer showed familial relationships. According to their strontium isotope ratios, only a few individuals were likely to have spent their early childhood in a different geological environment, whilst the majority of individuals grew up locally. Carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis, which was undertaken to reconstruct the dietary habits, indicated that this was a homogeneous group with egalitarian access to food. Cereals and small ruminants were the principal sources of nutrition. These data fit in well with a lifestyle typical of sedentary farming populations in the Spanish Meseta during this period of the Neolithic
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
2016-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10486/674304
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146176
url http://hdl.handle.net/10486/674304
https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146176
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Public Library of Science
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Public Library of Science
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
instname:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
instname_str Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
reponame_str Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
collection Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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