Effectiveness of historical smallpox vaccination against mpox clade II in men in Denmark, France, the Netherlands and Spain, 2022

Background: In 2022, a global monkeypox virus (MPXV) clade II epidemic occurred mainly among men who have sex with men. Until early 1980s, European smallpox vaccination programmes were part of worldwide smallpox eradication efforts. Having received smallpox vaccine > 20 years ago may provide some...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Colombe, Soledad, Funke, Silvia, Koch, Anders, Haverkate, Manon, Monge Corella, Susana, Barret, Anne-Sophie, Vaughan, Aisling, Hahné, Susan, van Ewijk, Catharina, Emborg, Hanne-Dorthe, von Schreeb, Sebastian, Díaz, Asunción, Olmedo, Carmen, Zanetti, Laura, Levy-Bruhl, Daniel, de Sousa, Luis Alves, Hagan, José, Nicolay, Nathalie, Pebody, Richard
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
Repositorio:Repisalud
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/25372
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/25372
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Europe
Childhood smallpox vaccination
Monkeypox
mpox
Screening method
Vaccine effectiveness
Adult
Denmark
France
Homosexuality, Male
Humans
Immunization Programs
Male
Mpox (monkeypox)
Netherlands
Smallpox
Spain
Vaccination Coverage
Vaccination
Vaccine Efficacy
Descripción
Sumario:Background: In 2022, a global monkeypox virus (MPXV) clade II epidemic occurred mainly among men who have sex with men. Until early 1980s, European smallpox vaccination programmes were part of worldwide smallpox eradication efforts. Having received smallpox vaccine > 20 years ago may provide some cross-protection against MPXV. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of historical smallpox vaccination against laboratory-confirmed mpox in 2022 in Europe.MethodsEuropean countries with sufficient data on case vaccination status and historical smallpox vaccination coverage were included. We selected mpox cases born in these countries during the height of the national smallpox vaccination campaigns (latest 1971), male, with date of onset before 1 August 2022. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) and corresponding 95% CI for each country using logistic regression as per the Farrington screening method. We calculated a pooled estimate using a random effects model. Results: In Denmark, France, the Netherlands and Spain, historical smallpox vaccination coverage was high (80-90%) until the end of the 1960s. VE estimates varied widely (40-80%, I2 = 82%), possibly reflecting different booster strategies. The pooled VE estimate was 70% (95% CI: 23-89%). Conclusion: Our findings suggest residual cross-protection by historical smallpox vaccination against mpox caused by MPXV clade II in men with high uncertainty and heterogeneity. Individuals at high-risk of exposure should be offered mpox vaccination, following national recommendations, regardless of prior smallpox vaccine history, until further evidence becomes available. There is an urgent need to conduct similar studies in sub-Saharan countries currently affected by the MPXV clade I outbreak. the excitatory neurons cluster (Done from ReviGO).

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