Análogos de somatostatina y cortistatina. Efecto de las interacciones aromáticas en sus estructuras y en la actividad biológica
Somatostatin (SST), also known as somatotropin release-inhibiting factor (SRIF), is a 14-amino-acid peptide discovered in 1973. It is a natural hormone whose biological activity is linked to five identified receptors: SSTR1-5. In clinical practice, somatostatin is currently used as a gastric anti-se...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2015 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/380544 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/380544 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Pèptids Péptidos Peptides Ressonància magnètica nuclear Resonancia magnètica nuclear (Física) Nuclear magnetic resonance Somatostatina Somatostatin Cortistatina Cortistatin Conformació de proteïnes Conformación de proteínas Proteins conformation Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques 547 |
| Sumario: | Somatostatin (SST), also known as somatotropin release-inhibiting factor (SRIF), is a 14-amino-acid peptide discovered in 1973. It is a natural hormone whose biological activity is linked to five identified receptors: SSTR1-5. In clinical practice, somatostatin is currently used as a gastric anti-secretory drug as well as to treat growth hormone secretion disorders and endocrine tumors. Cortistatin (CST) is another natural hormone, structurally a related to somatostatin. It has shown an interesting inflammatory activity that somatostatin do not display. Therefore, it has potential applications against inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease. In the present thesis, three families of fourteen-residue somatostatin analogs have been designed and synthetized replacing L-β-phenylalanine in positions 6, 7 and 11 by the non-natural aromatic amino acids L-β-3’,5'-difluorophenylalanine, L-β-3'-pyridylalanine and L-β-4'-piridilalanine. The intramolecular aromatic interactions of these peptides (with amino acids whose aromatic electron-density is lower than Phe) increased substantially allowing us to obtain the major tridimensional conformation for each derivative by NMR. Furthermore, L-β-mesitylalanine and L-β-3’,5'-trimethylphenylalanine (with high aromatic electron density) were also included in certain peptides, to increase even further the strength of the aromatic interactions. Our NMR conformational studies demonstrated that the inclusion of an electron-poor aromatic amino acid in position 7 causes a three-dimensional cluster-type arrangement of the three aromatic residues in positions 6th, 7th and 11th. We have observed that peptides with this kind of conformation showed a good binding with SSTR3. On the other hand, when these amino acids were included in positions 6 or 11, only a strong 6-11 interaction was observed, being residue 7 placed on the other side of the peptide. In these cases, the additional replacement of the phenylalanine at position 7 by L-β-mesitylalanine provoked a further increase of the selectivity for SSTR2. Specifically, [L-4'Pya6_L-Msa7_D-Trp8] -SST showed a completely selective activity profile for SSTR2, with an affinity for this receptor at the same level of SST. Finally, various cortistatin analogs were synthesized, their major 3D conformation were determined by NMR and their binding profile with SSTR1-5 were measured. Some of these peptides showed a remarkable response against Crohn’s disease. One of them, with a cluster-type structure, showed a response similar to CST against different parameters of inflammatory bowel disease. |
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