Topoisomerase II and dynamic microtubules solve sister chromatid intertwinings in anaphase

At the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, spindle microtubules pull replicated chromosomes to the daughter cells, but full separation of long chromosome arms is achieved in late anaphase. We have created an allelic series of long chromosomes to elucidate the mechanisms involved in long chromosome res...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Titos Vivancos, Iris
Tipo de recurso: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2013
País:España
Institución:CBUC, CESCA
Repositorio:TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red
OAI Identifier:oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/287225
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10803/287225
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Anaphase
Chromosome segregation
Topoisomerase II
Microtubule polymerization
Nuclear envelope
Chromosome condensation
Anafase
Segregació de cromosomes
Topoisomerasa II
Polimerització de microtúbuls
Embolcall nuclear
Condensació de cromosomes
576
Descripción
Sumario:At the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, spindle microtubules pull replicated chromosomes to the daughter cells, but full separation of long chromosome arms is achieved in late anaphase. We have created an allelic series of long chromosomes to elucidate the mechanisms involved in long chromosome resolution during mitosis. With this method we have shown that long chromosome cells are sensitized to the loss of genes involved in chromosome structure and segregation. We have discovered that Topoisomerase II is needed during anaphase to resolve distal regions of long chromosomes and that the activity of the microtubule polymerase Stu2 is crucial in the resolution of catenations. Moreover, we have identified the nuclear organization as a new source that contributes to the topological stress accumulated in chromosomes. Thus, topological constraints imposed by chromosome length and nuclear architecture determine the amount of sister chromatid intertwinings that must be resolved by Topoisomerase II and dynamic microtubules during anaphase.