Can Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate form via the free particle mechanism?

Background: The likelihood of a Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) forming by the free particle mechanism in a model of kidney with a structure recently described by Robertson was examined at the most favourable conditions for the considered mechanism. Methods: The Rob...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Grases, Fèlix, Sohnel, O.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2017
País:España
Institución:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
Repositorio:Docusalut
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docusalut.com:20.500.13003/9648
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/9648
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Chemical Phenomena
Kidney Tubules, Collecting
Models, Biological
Humans
Kidney Calculi
Calcium Oxalate
Cálculos Renales
Túbulos Renales Colectores
Oxalato de Calcio
Fenómenos Químicos
Humanos
Modelos Biológicos
Randall's Plug
Calcium oxalate monohydrate
Formation mechanism
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spelling Can Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate form via the free particle mechanism?Grases, FèlixSohnel, O.Chemical PhenomenaKidney Tubules, CollectingModels, BiologicalHumansKidney CalculiCalcium OxalateCálculos RenalesTúbulos Renales ColectoresOxalato de CalcioFenómenos QuímicosHumanosModelos BiológicosRandall's PlugCalcium oxalate monohydrateFormation mechanismBackground: The likelihood of a Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) forming by the free particle mechanism in a model of kidney with a structure recently described by Robertson was examined at the most favourable conditions for the considered mechanism. Methods: The Robertson model of the kidney is used in the following development. The classical theory of crystallization was used for calculations. Results: Initial COM nuclei were assumed to form at the beginning of the ascending loop of Henle where the supersaturation with respect to COM has been shown to reach the threshold level for spontaneous nucleation. Nucleation proceeds by a heterogeneous mechanism. The formed particles are transported in the nephron by a laminar flow of liquid with a parabolic velocity profile. Particles travel with a velocity dependent on their position in the cross-section of the nephron assumed to be straight tubule with smooth walls and without any sharp bends and kinks. These particles move faster with time as they grow as a result of being surrounded by the supersaturated liquid. Individual COM particles (crystals) can reach maximum diameter of 5.2 x 10(-6) m, i.e. 5.2 mu m, at the opening of the CD and would thus always be washed out of the CD into the calyx regardless of the orientation of the CD. Agglomeration of COM crystals forms a wractal object with an apparent density lower than the density of solid COM. The agglomerate that can block the beginning of the CD is composed of more crystals than are available even during crystaluria. Moreover the settling velocity of agglomerate blocking the opening of the CD is lower than the liquid flow and thus such agglomerate would be washed out even from upward-draining CD. Conclusions: The free particle mechanismmay be responsible for the formation of a Randall's plug composed by COM only in specific infrequent cases such as an abnormal structure of kidney. Majority of incidences of Randall's plug development by COM are caused by mechanism different from the free particle mechanism.Biomed Central Ltd20172017-09-0820172017-09-08research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/9648reponame:Docusalutinstname:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes BalearsInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docusalut.com:20.500.13003/96482026-06-22T12:44:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Can Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate form via the free particle mechanism?
title Can Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate form via the free particle mechanism?
spellingShingle Can Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate form via the free particle mechanism?
Grases, Fèlix
Chemical Phenomena
Kidney Tubules, Collecting
Models, Biological
Humans
Kidney Calculi
Calcium Oxalate
Cálculos Renales
Túbulos Renales Colectores
Oxalato de Calcio
Fenómenos Químicos
Humanos
Modelos Biológicos
Randall's Plug
Calcium oxalate monohydrate
Formation mechanism
title_short Can Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate form via the free particle mechanism?
title_full Can Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate form via the free particle mechanism?
title_fullStr Can Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate form via the free particle mechanism?
title_full_unstemmed Can Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate form via the free particle mechanism?
title_sort Can Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate form via the free particle mechanism?
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Grases, Fèlix
Sohnel, O.
author Grases, Fèlix
author_facet Grases, Fèlix
Sohnel, O.
author_role author
author2 Sohnel, O.
author2_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Chemical Phenomena
Kidney Tubules, Collecting
Models, Biological
Humans
Kidney Calculi
Calcium Oxalate
Cálculos Renales
Túbulos Renales Colectores
Oxalato de Calcio
Fenómenos Químicos
Humanos
Modelos Biológicos
Randall's Plug
Calcium oxalate monohydrate
Formation mechanism
topic Chemical Phenomena
Kidney Tubules, Collecting
Models, Biological
Humans
Kidney Calculi
Calcium Oxalate
Cálculos Renales
Túbulos Renales Colectores
Oxalato de Calcio
Fenómenos Químicos
Humanos
Modelos Biológicos
Randall's Plug
Calcium oxalate monohydrate
Formation mechanism
description Background: The likelihood of a Randall's plug composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) forming by the free particle mechanism in a model of kidney with a structure recently described by Robertson was examined at the most favourable conditions for the considered mechanism. Methods: The Robertson model of the kidney is used in the following development. The classical theory of crystallization was used for calculations. Results: Initial COM nuclei were assumed to form at the beginning of the ascending loop of Henle where the supersaturation with respect to COM has been shown to reach the threshold level for spontaneous nucleation. Nucleation proceeds by a heterogeneous mechanism. The formed particles are transported in the nephron by a laminar flow of liquid with a parabolic velocity profile. Particles travel with a velocity dependent on their position in the cross-section of the nephron assumed to be straight tubule with smooth walls and without any sharp bends and kinks. These particles move faster with time as they grow as a result of being surrounded by the supersaturated liquid. Individual COM particles (crystals) can reach maximum diameter of 5.2 x 10(-6) m, i.e. 5.2 mu m, at the opening of the CD and would thus always be washed out of the CD into the calyx regardless of the orientation of the CD. Agglomeration of COM crystals forms a wractal object with an apparent density lower than the density of solid COM. The agglomerate that can block the beginning of the CD is composed of more crystals than are available even during crystaluria. Moreover the settling velocity of agglomerate blocking the opening of the CD is lower than the liquid flow and thus such agglomerate would be washed out even from upward-draining CD. Conclusions: The free particle mechanismmay be responsible for the formation of a Randall's plug composed by COM only in specific infrequent cases such as an abnormal structure of kidney. Majority of incidences of Randall's plug development by COM are caused by mechanism different from the free particle mechanism.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017
2017-09-08
2017
2017-09-08
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/9648
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/9648
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biomed Central Ltd
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biomed Central Ltd
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docusalut
instname:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
instname_str Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
reponame_str Docusalut
collection Docusalut
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,808905

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