Cross-cultural analysis of a new indicator which measures the degree of Islamophobia social awareness

There is ample evidence documenting the problem of Islamophobia (discrimination and racism against the Muslim community). However, the extent to which the European population is aware of this injustice has not exhaustively been assessed. The aim of this research was to measure in a valid and reliabl...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Escolà-Gascón, Álex, Diez-Bosch, Miriam, Micó, Josep-Lluís
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)
Repositorio:DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llull
OAI Identifier:oai:dau.url.edu:20.500.14342/4686
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14342/4686
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2022.10.001
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Islamophobia
Muslims
Cross-cultural analysis
Social cognition
31
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spelling Cross-cultural analysis of a new indicator which measures the degree of Islamophobia social awarenessEscolà-Gascón, ÁlexDiez-Bosch, MiriamMicó, Josep-LluísIslamophobiaMuslimsCross-cultural analysisSocial cognition31There is ample evidence documenting the problem of Islamophobia (discrimination and racism against the Muslim community). However, the extent to which the European population is aware of this injustice has not exhaustively been assessed. The aim of this research was to measure in a valid and reliable way the degree of social awareness of Islamophobia in four European countries: Spain, France, United Kingdom and Germany. The sample consisted of 1846 volunteers from these countries. All of them answered a structured protocol on social awareness called Degree of Islamophobia Recognition (DIR). Several cross-cultural analyses based on the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) technique, the ordinal alpha coefficient and the Greatest Lower Bound (GLB) were applied to analyze the dimensionality of the DIR and its reliability. Six sex-differentiated population scales were made based on derived typical scores (TS). The results revealed that the DIR consisted of two cultural dimensions: perceived vulnerability and connection. Both dimensions explained between 51% and 61% of the variance in all countries. Reliability coefficients were acceptable in all cases (>0.7). We propose that public policies combat Islamophobia considering these dimensions and taking into consideration the thresholds of the derived PTs to identify in which regions or social groups these intervention policies are needed.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionElsevierUniversitat Ramon Llull. Facultat de Comunicació i Relacions Internacionals Blanquerna202520252022info:eu-repo/semantics/article12 p.application/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14342/4686https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2022.10.001reponame:DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llullinstname:Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)InglésInternational Journal of Intercultural Relations, vol. 91, 2022© ElsevierAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dau.url.edu:20.500.14342/46862026-06-21T06:40:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Cross-cultural analysis of a new indicator which measures the degree of Islamophobia social awareness
title Cross-cultural analysis of a new indicator which measures the degree of Islamophobia social awareness
spellingShingle Cross-cultural analysis of a new indicator which measures the degree of Islamophobia social awareness
Escolà-Gascón, Álex
Islamophobia
Muslims
Cross-cultural analysis
Social cognition
31
title_short Cross-cultural analysis of a new indicator which measures the degree of Islamophobia social awareness
title_full Cross-cultural analysis of a new indicator which measures the degree of Islamophobia social awareness
title_fullStr Cross-cultural analysis of a new indicator which measures the degree of Islamophobia social awareness
title_full_unstemmed Cross-cultural analysis of a new indicator which measures the degree of Islamophobia social awareness
title_sort Cross-cultural analysis of a new indicator which measures the degree of Islamophobia social awareness
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Escolà-Gascón, Álex
Diez-Bosch, Miriam
Micó, Josep-Lluís
author Escolà-Gascón, Álex
author_facet Escolà-Gascón, Álex
Diez-Bosch, Miriam
Micó, Josep-Lluís
author_role author
author2 Diez-Bosch, Miriam
Micó, Josep-Lluís
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universitat Ramon Llull. Facultat de Comunicació i Relacions Internacionals Blanquerna
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Islamophobia
Muslims
Cross-cultural analysis
Social cognition
31
topic Islamophobia
Muslims
Cross-cultural analysis
Social cognition
31
description There is ample evidence documenting the problem of Islamophobia (discrimination and racism against the Muslim community). However, the extent to which the European population is aware of this injustice has not exhaustively been assessed. The aim of this research was to measure in a valid and reliable way the degree of social awareness of Islamophobia in four European countries: Spain, France, United Kingdom and Germany. The sample consisted of 1846 volunteers from these countries. All of them answered a structured protocol on social awareness called Degree of Islamophobia Recognition (DIR). Several cross-cultural analyses based on the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) technique, the ordinal alpha coefficient and the Greatest Lower Bound (GLB) were applied to analyze the dimensionality of the DIR and its reliability. Six sex-differentiated population scales were made based on derived typical scores (TS). The results revealed that the DIR consisted of two cultural dimensions: perceived vulnerability and connection. Both dimensions explained between 51% and 61% of the variance in all countries. Reliability coefficients were acceptable in all cases (>0.7). We propose that public policies combat Islamophobia considering these dimensions and taking into consideration the thresholds of the derived PTs to identify in which regions or social groups these intervention policies are needed.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14342/4686
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2022.10.001
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14342/4686
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2022.10.001
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv International Journal of Intercultural Relations, vol. 91, 2022
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv © Elsevier
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv © Elsevier
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 12 p.
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llull
instname:Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)
instname_str Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)
reponame_str DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llull
collection DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llull
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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