Designing participatory planning processes for protected areas, promoting the social and economic development of the stakeholders involved. The case of Cotopaxi National Park (PNC) in Ecuador

[EN] Protected areas play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation worldwide, but often neglect the involvement of local communities. This study presents a participatory planning methodology for promoting social and economic development in protected areas, using Cotopaxi National Park (PNC) in Ec...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: González-Urango, Hannia Karime, Gómez-Navarro, Tomás|||0000-0001-6114-2414, Ligardo-Herrera, Iván, Jácome-Enríquez, Wilson
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:riunet______::3071ae4cbac487d75450163ff041874c
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/235400
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Protected natural areas
Analytic Network Process ANP
Multicriteria Decision Making MCDM
Social Network Analysis SNA
Ecuador
14.- Conservar y utilizar de forma sostenible los océanos, mares y recursos marinos para lograr el desarrollo sostenible
15.- Proteger, restaurar y promover la utilización sostenible de los ecosistemas terrestres, gestionar de manera sostenible los bosques, combatir la desertificación y detener y revertir la degradación de la tierra, y frenar la pérdida de diversidad biológica
Descripción
Sumario:[EN] Protected areas play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation worldwide, but often neglect the involvement of local communities. This study presents a participatory planning methodology for promoting social and economic development in protected areas, using Cotopaxi National Park (PNC) in Ecuador as a case study. The PNC represents an appropriate case study due to its diverse ecosystems and challenges related to grazing activities. The proposed methodology integrates a qualitative approach with the Social Network Analysis (SNA) and the Analytic Network Process (ANP) to design a sustainable management approach. Firstly, the SNA maps the stakeholder network, identifying key actors and their relationships. Secondly, interviews with influential stakeholders provide insights into their perceptions of influence, relationships, and strategies to enhance grazing activities. Thirdly, the ANP is used to analyse and prioritize management strategies. Finally, a novel sensitivity analysis was made to validate the results. The promotion of new opportunities for productive projects and alternative sources of income (A2 Alternative) was the best-rated strategy for sustainable grazing. The proposed methodology can facilitate and improve the co-management of the protected areas and their governance. It allows the integration of environmental conservation objectives with the main concerns of the stakeholders, promoting social and economic development. This study confirms that stakeholders have different interests, sensitivities, and ways of understanding sustainability; thus, improving stakeholder communication and the involvement of additional actors, such as NGOs and government agencies, is crucial. The proposed integrated approach can be adapted to any participatory decision-making process related to the conservation of protected natural areas.