The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs
Comparative studies of primate gustatory anatomy are sparse and incomplete. Here, we compare both the macro and micro anatomy of the tongue in three lemurid species. We included two non-destructive nectar-feeders, Varecia variegata and Eulemur macaco, and one destructive flower feeder, Lemur catta....
| Autores: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2021 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona |
| Repositorio: | Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:ddd.uab.cat:273170 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://ddd.uab.cat/record/273170 https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3390/ani11102811 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Lemur catta Varecia variegatta Eulemur macaco Madagascar Sublingua Papillae Ecology Coevolution Chievitz |
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España |
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| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs Flower and Nectar Feeding Adaptations |
| title |
The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs |
| spellingShingle |
The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs Pastor, Juan Francisco|||0000-0001-8371-5025 Lemur catta Varecia variegatta Eulemur macaco Madagascar Sublingua Papillae Ecology Coevolution Chievitz |
| title_short |
The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs |
| title_full |
The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs |
| title_fullStr |
The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs |
| title_sort |
The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Pastor, Juan Francisco|||0000-0001-8371-5025 Muchlinski, Magdalena Natalia Potau, Josep Maria|||0000-0003-3387-8760 Casado, Aroa|||0000-0001-9116-9167 García-Mesa, Yolanda|||0000-0003-1442-1095 Vega, Jose Antonio|||0000-0003-1276-0018 Cabo, Roberto|||0000-0002-4749-0137 |
| author |
Pastor, Juan Francisco|||0000-0001-8371-5025 |
| author_facet |
Pastor, Juan Francisco|||0000-0001-8371-5025 Muchlinski, Magdalena Natalia Potau, Josep Maria|||0000-0003-3387-8760 Casado, Aroa|||0000-0001-9116-9167 García-Mesa, Yolanda|||0000-0003-1442-1095 Vega, Jose Antonio|||0000-0003-1276-0018 Cabo, Roberto|||0000-0002-4749-0137 |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Muchlinski, Magdalena Natalia Potau, Josep Maria|||0000-0003-3387-8760 Casado, Aroa|||0000-0001-9116-9167 García-Mesa, Yolanda|||0000-0003-1442-1095 Vega, Jose Antonio|||0000-0003-1276-0018 Cabo, Roberto|||0000-0002-4749-0137 |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Lemur catta Varecia variegatta Eulemur macaco Madagascar Sublingua Papillae Ecology Coevolution Chievitz |
| topic |
Lemur catta Varecia variegatta Eulemur macaco Madagascar Sublingua Papillae Ecology Coevolution Chievitz |
| description |
Comparative studies of primate gustatory anatomy are sparse and incomplete. Here, we compare both the macro and micro anatomy of the tongue in three lemurid species. We included two non-destructive nectar-feeders, Varecia variegata and Eulemur macaco, and one destructive flower feeder, Lemur catta. To study the tongue's structure, we used direct observation together with different microscopy techniques, ranging from optical microscopy to electronic microscopy. We found differences in the size, shape, and distribution of the tongue's papillae. Most notably, there are large distinct papillae present at the tip of the tongue in nectar-feeding species. In addition, histological images of the ventro-apical portion of the tongue show that tongue houses an encapsulated structure in all species studied. The non-destructive flower-feeding species share similar tongue and sublingua anatomy, suggesting that the observed features may be adaptive for flower feeding. These features were not observed in the destructive flower feeder, Lemur catta. The mobility of the primate tongue allows for the manipulation of food, but, in addition, houses both general sensory afferents and special sensory end organs. Taste buds can be found across the tongue, but the ones found within the fungiform papillae on the anterior two thirds of the tongue are the first gustatory structures to come into contact with food, and are critical in making food ingestion decisions. Comparative studies of both the macro and micro anatomy in primates are sparse and incomplete, yet there is evidence that gustatory adaptation exists in several primate taxa. One is the distally feathered tongues observed in non-destructive nectar feeders, such as Eulemur rubriventer. We compare both the macro and micro anatomy of three lemurid species who died of natural causes in captivity. We included the following two non-destructive nectar feeders: Varecia variegata and Eulemur macaco, and the following destructive flower feeder: Lemur catta. Strepsirrhines and tarsiers are unique among primates, because they possess a sublingua, which is an anatomical structure that is located below the tongue. We include a microanatomical description of both the tongue and sublingua, which were accomplished using hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome stains, and scanning electron microscopy. We found differences in the size, shape, and distribution of fungiform papillae, and differences in the morphology of conical papillae surrounding the circumvallate ones in all three species. Most notably, large distinct papillae were present at the tip of the tongue in nectar-feeding species. In addition, histological images of the ventro-apical portion of the tongue displayed that it houses an encapsulated structure, but only in Lemur catta case such structure presents cartilage inside. The presence of an encapsulated structure, coupled with the shared morphological traits associated with the sublingua and the tongue tip in Varecia variegata and Eulemur macaco, point to possible feeding adaptations that facilitate non-destructive flower feeding in these two lemurids. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2 2021-01-01 2021 2021-01-01 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
Article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 VoR http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
| dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| format |
article |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
https://ddd.uab.cat/record/273170 https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3390/ani11102811 |
| url |
https://ddd.uab.cat/record/273170 https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3390/ani11102811 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés eng |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language |
eng |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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reponame:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB instname:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona |
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Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona |
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Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB |
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Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB |
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1869408466636898304 |
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The Tongue in Three Species of LemursFlower and Nectar Feeding AdaptationsPastor, Juan Francisco|||0000-0001-8371-5025Muchlinski, Magdalena NataliaPotau, Josep Maria|||0000-0003-3387-8760Casado, Aroa|||0000-0001-9116-9167García-Mesa, Yolanda|||0000-0003-1442-1095Vega, Jose Antonio|||0000-0003-1276-0018Cabo, Roberto|||0000-0002-4749-0137Lemur cattaVarecia variegattaEulemur macacoMadagascarSublinguaPapillaeEcologyCoevolutionChievitzComparative studies of primate gustatory anatomy are sparse and incomplete. Here, we compare both the macro and micro anatomy of the tongue in three lemurid species. We included two non-destructive nectar-feeders, Varecia variegata and Eulemur macaco, and one destructive flower feeder, Lemur catta. To study the tongue's structure, we used direct observation together with different microscopy techniques, ranging from optical microscopy to electronic microscopy. We found differences in the size, shape, and distribution of the tongue's papillae. Most notably, there are large distinct papillae present at the tip of the tongue in nectar-feeding species. In addition, histological images of the ventro-apical portion of the tongue show that tongue houses an encapsulated structure in all species studied. The non-destructive flower-feeding species share similar tongue and sublingua anatomy, suggesting that the observed features may be adaptive for flower feeding. These features were not observed in the destructive flower feeder, Lemur catta. The mobility of the primate tongue allows for the manipulation of food, but, in addition, houses both general sensory afferents and special sensory end organs. Taste buds can be found across the tongue, but the ones found within the fungiform papillae on the anterior two thirds of the tongue are the first gustatory structures to come into contact with food, and are critical in making food ingestion decisions. Comparative studies of both the macro and micro anatomy in primates are sparse and incomplete, yet there is evidence that gustatory adaptation exists in several primate taxa. One is the distally feathered tongues observed in non-destructive nectar feeders, such as Eulemur rubriventer. We compare both the macro and micro anatomy of three lemurid species who died of natural causes in captivity. We included the following two non-destructive nectar feeders: Varecia variegata and Eulemur macaco, and the following destructive flower feeder: Lemur catta. Strepsirrhines and tarsiers are unique among primates, because they possess a sublingua, which is an anatomical structure that is located below the tongue. We include a microanatomical description of both the tongue and sublingua, which were accomplished using hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome stains, and scanning electron microscopy. We found differences in the size, shape, and distribution of fungiform papillae, and differences in the morphology of conical papillae surrounding the circumvallate ones in all three species. Most notably, large distinct papillae were present at the tip of the tongue in nectar-feeding species. In addition, histological images of the ventro-apical portion of the tongue displayed that it houses an encapsulated structure, but only in Lemur catta case such structure presents cartilage inside. The presence of an encapsulated structure, coupled with the shared morphological traits associated with the sublingua and the tongue tip in Varecia variegata and Eulemur macaco, point to possible feeding adaptations that facilitate non-destructive flower feeding in these two lemurids. 22021-01-0120212021-01-01Articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://ddd.uab.cat/record/273170https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3390/ani11102811reponame:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UABinstname:Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:ddd.uab.cat:2731702026-06-06T12:50:31Z |
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15,300724 |