The parameters of Menzerath-Altmann law in genomes

The relationship between the size of the whole and the size of the parts in language and music is known to follow the Menzerath-Altmann law at many levels of description (morphemes, words, sentences, …). Qualitatively, the law states that the larger the whole, the smaller its parts, e.g. the longer...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Baixeries i Juvillà, Jaume|||0000-0003-2896-2247, Hernández Fernández, Antonio|||0000-0002-9466-2704, Forns Fradera, Núria, Ferrer Cancho, Ramon|||0000-0002-7820-923X
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2013
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/19025
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/19025
https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09296174.2013.773141
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Computational linguistics
Lingüística computacional
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Informàtica::Intel·ligència artificial::Llenguatge natural
Descripción
Sumario:The relationship between the size of the whole and the size of the parts in language and music is known to follow the Menzerath-Altmann law at many levels of description (morphemes, words, sentences, …). Qualitatively, the law states that the larger the whole, the smaller its parts, e.g. the longer a word (in syllables) the shorter its syllables (in letters or phonemes). This patterning has also been found in genomes: the longer a genome (in chromosomes), the shorter its chromosomes (in base pairs). However, it has been argued recently that mean chromosome length is trivially a pure power function of chromosome number with an exponent of -1. The functional dependency between mean chromosome size and chromosome number in groups of organisms from three different kingdoms is studied. The fit of a pure power function yields exponents between -1.6 and 0.1. It is shown that an exponent of -1 is unlikely for fungi, gymnosperm plants, insects, reptiles, ray-finned fishes and amphibians. Even when the exponent is very close to -1, adding an exponential component is able to yield a better fit with regard to a pure power-law in plants, mammals, ray-finned fishes and amphibians. The parameters of the Menzerath-Altmann law in genomes deviate significantly from a power law with a -1 exponent with the exception of birds and cartilaginous fishes.