Differential biological effect of low doses of ionizing radiation depending on the radiosensitivity in a cell line model

PurposeExposure to low doses (LD) of ionizing radiation (IR), such as the ones employed in computed tomography (CT) examination, can be associated with cancer risk. However, cancer development could depend on individual radiosensitivity. In the present study, we evaluated the differences in the resp...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Palma-Rojo, E, Barquinero, JF, Pérez-Alija, J, González, JR, Armengol, G
Tipo de documento: artigo
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:2024
País:España
Recursos:Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)
Repositório:r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau
OAI Identifier:oai:iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com:p18492
Acesso em linha:https://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=18492
http://ddd.uab.cat/record/309304
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Ionizing radiation
radiosensitivity
cell line
CT-scan
DNA damage
antioxidant
Descrição
Resumo:PurposeExposure to low doses (LD) of ionizing radiation (IR), such as the ones employed in computed tomography (CT) examination, can be associated with cancer risk. However, cancer development could depend on individual radiosensitivity. In the present study, we evaluated the differences in the response to a CT-scan radiation dose of 20 mGy in two lymphoblastoid cell lines with different radiosensitivity.Materials and MethodsSeveral parameters were studied: gene expression, DNA damage, and its repair, as well as cell viability, proliferation, and death. Results were compared with those after a medium dose of 500 mGy.ResultsAfter 20 mGy of IR, the radiosensitive (RS) cell line showed an increase in DNA damage, and higher cell proliferation and apoptosis, whereas the radioresistant (RR) cell line was insensitive to this LD. Interestingly, the RR cell line showed a higher expression of an antioxidant gene, which could be used by the cells as a protective mechanism. After a dose of 500 mGy, both cell lines were affected by IR but with significant differences. The RS cells presented an increase in DNA damage and apoptosis, but a decrease in cell proliferation and cell viability, as well as less antioxidant response.ConclusionsA differential biological effect was observed between two cell lines with different radiosensitivity, and these differences are especially interesting after a CT scan dose. If this is confirmed by further studies, one could think that individuals with radiosensitivity-related genetic variants may be more vulnerable to long-term effects of IR, potentially increasing cancer risk after LD exposure.