Long-term exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and prostate cancer: a multicase–control study in Spain (MCC-Spain)

Nitrate and trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water are widespread and are potential human carcinogens. We evaluated the association between drinking-water exposure to nitrate and THMs and prostate cancer. During the period 2008–2013, 697 hospital-based incident prostate cancer cases (97 aggressive...

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Autores: Donat-Vargas, Carolina, Kogevinas, Manolis, Castaño Vinyals, Gemma, Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz, Llorca, Javier, Vanaclocha-Espi, Mercedes, Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo, Costas, Laura, Aragonés, Núria, Gómez-Acebo, Inés, Moreno, Víctor, Pollán, Marina, Villanueva, Cristina M.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10230/57217
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/57217
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp11391
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Pròstata -- Càncer
Aigua potable -- Anàlisi
Espanya -- Població
id ES_53480ffdf79ca0769a4ee67155b690ef
oai_identifier_str oai:recercat.cat:10230/57217
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Long-term exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and prostate cancer: a multicase–control study in Spain (MCC-Spain)
title Long-term exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and prostate cancer: a multicase–control study in Spain (MCC-Spain)
spellingShingle Long-term exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and prostate cancer: a multicase–control study in Spain (MCC-Spain)
Donat-Vargas, Carolina
Pròstata -- Càncer
Aigua potable -- Anàlisi
Espanya -- Població
title_short Long-term exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and prostate cancer: a multicase–control study in Spain (MCC-Spain)
title_full Long-term exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and prostate cancer: a multicase–control study in Spain (MCC-Spain)
title_fullStr Long-term exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and prostate cancer: a multicase–control study in Spain (MCC-Spain)
title_full_unstemmed Long-term exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and prostate cancer: a multicase–control study in Spain (MCC-Spain)
title_sort Long-term exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and prostate cancer: a multicase–control study in Spain (MCC-Spain)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Donat-Vargas, Carolina
Kogevinas, Manolis
Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz
Llorca, Javier
Vanaclocha-Espi, Mercedes
Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo
Costas, Laura
Aragonés, Núria
Gómez-Acebo, Inés
Moreno, Víctor
Pollán, Marina
Villanueva, Cristina M.
author Donat-Vargas, Carolina
author_facet Donat-Vargas, Carolina
Kogevinas, Manolis
Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz
Llorca, Javier
Vanaclocha-Espi, Mercedes
Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo
Costas, Laura
Aragonés, Núria
Gómez-Acebo, Inés
Moreno, Víctor
Pollán, Marina
Villanueva, Cristina M.
author_role author
author2 Kogevinas, Manolis
Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz
Llorca, Javier
Vanaclocha-Espi, Mercedes
Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo
Costas, Laura
Aragonés, Núria
Gómez-Acebo, Inés
Moreno, Víctor
Pollán, Marina
Villanueva, Cristina M.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Pròstata -- Càncer
Aigua potable -- Anàlisi
Espanya -- Població
topic Pròstata -- Càncer
Aigua potable -- Anàlisi
Espanya -- Població
description Nitrate and trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water are widespread and are potential human carcinogens. We evaluated the association between drinking-water exposure to nitrate and THMs and prostate cancer. During the period 2008–2013, 697 hospital-based incident prostate cancer cases (97 aggressive tumors) and 927 population-based controls were recruited in Spain, providing information on residential histories and type of water consumed. Average nitrate and THMs levels in drinking water were linked with lifetime water consumption to calculate waterborne ingestion. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using mixed models with recruitment area as random effect. Effect modification by tumor grade (Gleason score), age, education, lifestyle, and dietary factors was explored. Mean (plus or minus standard deviation±standard deviation) adult lifetime waterborne ingested nitrate (milligrams per day), brominated (Br)-THMs (micrograms per day), and chloroform (micrograms per day) were 11.5 (plus or minus 9.0±9.0), 20.7 (plus or minus 32.4±32.4), and 15.1 (plus or minus 14.7±14.7) in controls. Waterborne ingested nitrate greater than 13.8>13.8 vs. less than 5.5 milligrams per day<5.5mg/d was associated with an OR of 1.74 (95% CI: 1.19, 2.54) overall, and 2.78 (95% CI: 1.23, 6.27) for tumors with Gleason scores greater than or equal to 8≥8. Associations were higher in the youngest and those with lower intakes of fiber, fruit/vegetables, and vitamin C. Waterborne ingested THMs were not associated with prostate cancer. Residential tap water levels of Br-THMs and chloroform showed, respectively, inverse and positive associations with prostate cancer. Findings suggest long-term waterborne ingested nitrate could be a risk factor of prostate cancer, particularly for aggressive tumors. High intakes of fiber, fruit/vegetables and vitamin C may lower this risk. Association with residential levels but not ingested chloroform/Br-THM may suggest inhalation and dermal routes could be relevant for prostate cancer. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11391
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2023
2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10230/57217
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp11391
url http://hdl.handle.net/10230/57217
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp11391
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Environmental Health Perspectives. 2023 Mar;131(3):037004
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/2PE/CEX2018-000806-S/
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Reproduced from Environmental Health Perspectives https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11391
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Reproduced from Environmental Health Perspectives https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11391
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling Long-term exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes in drinking water and prostate cancer: a multicase–control study in Spain (MCC-Spain)Donat-Vargas, CarolinaKogevinas, ManolisCastaño Vinyals, GemmaPérez-Gómez, BeatrizLlorca, JavierVanaclocha-Espi, MercedesFernandez-Tardon, GuillermoCostas, LauraAragonés, NúriaGómez-Acebo, InésMoreno, VíctorPollán, MarinaVillanueva, Cristina M.Pròstata -- CàncerAigua potable -- AnàlisiEspanya -- PoblacióNitrate and trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water are widespread and are potential human carcinogens. We evaluated the association between drinking-water exposure to nitrate and THMs and prostate cancer. During the period 2008–2013, 697 hospital-based incident prostate cancer cases (97 aggressive tumors) and 927 population-based controls were recruited in Spain, providing information on residential histories and type of water consumed. Average nitrate and THMs levels in drinking water were linked with lifetime water consumption to calculate waterborne ingestion. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using mixed models with recruitment area as random effect. Effect modification by tumor grade (Gleason score), age, education, lifestyle, and dietary factors was explored. Mean (plus or minus standard deviation±standard deviation) adult lifetime waterborne ingested nitrate (milligrams per day), brominated (Br)-THMs (micrograms per day), and chloroform (micrograms per day) were 11.5 (plus or minus 9.0±9.0), 20.7 (plus or minus 32.4±32.4), and 15.1 (plus or minus 14.7±14.7) in controls. Waterborne ingested nitrate greater than 13.8>13.8 vs. less than 5.5 milligrams per day<5.5mg/d was associated with an OR of 1.74 (95% CI: 1.19, 2.54) overall, and 2.78 (95% CI: 1.23, 6.27) for tumors with Gleason scores greater than or equal to 8≥8. Associations were higher in the youngest and those with lower intakes of fiber, fruit/vegetables, and vitamin C. Waterborne ingested THMs were not associated with prostate cancer. Residential tap water levels of Br-THMs and chloroform showed, respectively, inverse and positive associations with prostate cancer. Findings suggest long-term waterborne ingested nitrate could be a risk factor of prostate cancer, particularly for aggressive tumors. High intakes of fiber, fruit/vegetables and vitamin C may lower this risk. Association with residential levels but not ingested chloroform/Br-THM may suggest inhalation and dermal routes could be relevant for prostate cancer. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11391The authors would like to acknowledge all the research assistants and interviewers in the study centers, the staff of all participating hospitals, and, most of all, the study participants. The study was partially funded by the “Accion Transversal del Cancer,” approved on the Spanish Ministry Council on 11 October 2007, by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER (PI08/1770, PI08/0533, PI08/1359, PS09/00773, PS09/01286, PS09/01903, PS09/02078, PS09/01662, PI11/01889, PI11/00226, PI12/01270, PI12/00715, PI14/0613, PI15/00914, PI17CIII/00034), by the Fundación Marqués de Valdecilla (API 10/09), by the Conselleria de Sanitat of the Generalitat Valenciana (AP_061/10), by the European Commission grants FOOD-CT-2006-036224-HIWATE, by the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) Scientific Foundation, by the Catalan Government-Agency for Management of University and Research Grants (AGAUR) grants 2017SGR723 and 2014SGR850, by the Fundación Caja de Ahorros de Asturias, and by the University of Oviedo. ISGlobal acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023” Program (CEX2018-000806-S) and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program.National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences202320232023info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/57217http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp11391reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésEnvironmental Health Perspectives. 2023 Mar;131(3):037004info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/2PE/CEX2018-000806-S/Reproduced from Environmental Health Perspectives https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11391info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:10230/572172026-05-29T05:05:01Z
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