Malnutrition and Increased Risk of Adverse Outcomes in Elderly Patients Undergoing Elective Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Case-Control Study Nested in a Cohort

Background: Malnutrition increases worse outcomes during hospital admission for elective colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery in older adults. Methods: This work was designed an observational, monocentric, case-control study nested in a cohort of patients undergoing elective surgery for CRC disease at th...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Martínez Escribano, Cristina, Arteaga Moreno, Francisco Javier, Pérez López, Marcos, Cunha Pérez, Cristina, Belenguer Varea, Ángel, Cuesta Peredo, David, Blanco González, Francisco Javier, Tarazona Santabalbina, Francisco José
Tipo de documento: artigo
Data de publicação:2022
País:España
Recursos:Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Repositório:RIUCV. Repositorio de la Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Idioma:inglês
OAI Identifier:oai:riucv.ucv.es:20.500.12466/3656
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12466/3656
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Colorectal surgery
Malnutrition
ERAS
Postoperative complications
Older patients
3206 Ciencias de la Nutrición
Descrição
Resumo:Background: Malnutrition increases worse outcomes during hospital admission for elective colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery in older adults. Methods: This work was designed an observational, monocentric, case-control study nested in a cohort of patients undergoing elective surgery for CRC disease at the Hospital Universitario de la Ribera (HULR) (Alzira, Valencia, Spain) between 2011 and 2019. The study considered patients with a CONUT score in the range of moderate to severe malnutrition (>4 points), with control patients with normal nutritional situations or mild malnutrition. Results: Moderate-to-severe malnutrition cases presented a greater length of stay (LOS), a higher incidence of adverse events (both medical and surgical complications), a higher incidence of surgicalwound infection, a greater need for blood transfusion, and a greater amount of transfused packed red blood cells. During hospitalization, the percentage of patients without nutritional risk decreased from 46 to 9%, and an increase in mild, moderate, and severe risk was observed. Patients with severe nutritional risk at hospital admission had significantly increased mortality at 365 days after discharge (HR: 2.96 (95% CI 1.14–7.70, p = 0.002)). After adjusting for sex, age, and Charlson index score, patients with severe nutritional risk at admission maintained a higher mortality risk (HR: 3.08 (95% CI 1.10–8.63, p = 0.032)). Conclusion: Malnutrition prevalence is high in older adults undergoing CRC elective surgery. Furthermore, this prevalence increases during hospital admission. Malnutrition is linked to worse outcomes, such as LOS, surgical and clinical complications, and mortality. For this reason, nutritional interventions are very important in the perioperative period