Estudio experimental y numérico del fallo por inestabilidad de muros de obra de fábrica
A large part of the building stock of the Spanish and European cities consists of load-bearing wall buildings made of brick masonry. The structural safety of such constructions, in the occasion of a rehabilitation or a mere maintenance, is a topic of growing concern. Sometimes, the simple adaptation...
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| Formato: | tesis doctoral |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2011 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/94770 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/94770 https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-94770 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Murs -- Construcció Murs -- Càlcul Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Edificació |
| Resumo: | A large part of the building stock of the Spanish and European cities consists of load-bearing wall buildings made of brick masonry. The structural safety of such constructions, in the occasion of a rehabilitation or a mere maintenance, is a topic of growing concern. Sometimes, the simple adaptation of this type of constructions to current standards ¿which often implies an increase of the imposed load considered- requires an accurate structural evaluation permitting the technicians to take adequate decisions. However, despite the research effort undertaken in recent decades, criteria and methods for the practical evaluation of instability problems in masonry walls are still insufficient and not fully accurate. In this context, this thesis analyzes the resistance response of masonry walls under concentric and eccentric vertical load. For that purpose, the present study includes a first part aimed at obtaining representative and reliable results about the mechanical response of the masonry wall failure by lateral instability. In a second part, systematic numerical simulations are carried out. The numerical tools have been validated using the experimental results obtained previously and others founded in the literature. The experimental campaign includes a set of walls built on 1:4 scale masonry tested until collapse. A total of 36 walls with different combinations of slenderness ratio and load eccentricity are tested. The results obtained are compared with experimental results reported by other authors. This comparison is only done for results with similar support conditions and load eccentricities. Additionally, a series of measurements and material characterization tests are carried out. The results derived from the tests performed are used to calibrate and to validate a numerical model based on the micro-modelling approach. This numerical application reproduces satisfactorily the ultimate response observed in the experiments, both in terms of resistance capacity and lateral deformability. In addition, the results of this application show a good agreement with the experimental failure modes. Based on the micro-model previously calibrated, a parametric study is performed. The aim of the parametric study is to develop more detailed and systematic analyses in order to extend the experimental results to a wider range of geometries, loading conditions and material properties. The numerical results obtained allow the detailed evaluation about the influence of the main parameters regarding the lateral instability problem (slenderness ratio, load eccentricity, deformability and tensile strength) as well as to propose simple methods for verification and design of brick masonry walls. The proposed methods involve equations obtained by regression analysis. The functions found present a good agreement with the numerical results from the parametric study, showing a high correlation in all cases. These equations represent the reduction factor for slenderness and eccentricity commonly found in structural design of masonry walls. Finally, the validation of the proposed methods -3 in total- is performed with available experimental evidence and results calculated using the approach proposed in the current standard (EN 1996-1-1:2005). |
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