Genotyping not required for sustained effectiveness of long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine: evidence from the RELATIVITY cohort

Objectives:Long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine (LAI CAB+RPV) provides an alternative to daily therapy for people with HIV (PWH) with virologic suppression. Although genotypic testing is recommended before switching, its real-world clinical value is unclear. We assessed outcomes after...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Buzón-Martín, L, Bernardino, JI, Puerto, MJG, Martín-Torres, J, Valls, MRA, de Suso, MTG, de Santiago, AD, Fanjul, F, Rodríguez, A, Ubeda, AC, Pedrero-Tomé, R, Canales, MJC, Isbert, SC, García, MA, Tenorio, CH, Morano, L, García, DV, David, CD, Morell, EB, Alvarez, RMM, Clotet, NC, Tiraboschi, J, García, AG, Vivancos, MJ, Troya, J
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:INCLIVA
Repositorio:r-INCLIVA. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de INCLIVA
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:incliva_____::6171dc2d26fd9feea5025ebd0e71d6d2
Acceso en línea:https://incliva.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20880
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:antiretroviral therapy
cabotegravir
genotypic resistance test
HIV Infections
long-acting agents
rilpivirine
Descripción
Sumario:Objectives:Long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine (LAI CAB+RPV) provides an alternative to daily therapy for people with HIV (PWH) with virologic suppression. Although genotypic testing is recommended before switching, its real-world clinical value is unclear. We assessed outcomes after switching to LAI CAB+RPV with or without available genotypes in the Spanish RELATIVITY cohort. Design:RELATIVITY is a multicenter, ambispective cohort study assessing the effectiveness and safety of LAI CAB+RPV in adults with HIV across 58 centers in Spain. Methods:Posthoc analysis of 3146 participants, focusing on the availability of genotypic resistance data before switching. Results:Of the 3146 participants, 53.5% (n = 1682) did not have genotypes available. The median follow-up was 13.3 months [interquartile range (IQR) 8.6, 18.9] in the no-genotype group and 14.9 months (IQR 9.0, 19.2) in the genotype group (P = 0.003). Both groups maintained high virological suppression rates (>93%) up to the 23rd month of follow-up, with no significant differences observed in virological or immunological outcomes. Virologic failure rates (0.5% vs. 1.0%; P = 0.476) and permanent discontinuation rates (6.1% vs. 6.6%; P = 0.804) were similar. Of the 20 participants with virologic failure, 12 had genotype data. After resuming oral antiretroviral therapy, 8 of those with and 4 of those without the genotype achieved undetectable viral loads. Adherence to injection schedules and changes in body mass index were comparable. Conclusions:In this large real-world cohort, the absence of genotypic data did not affect LAI CAB+RPV effectiveness in virologically suppressed PWH. Limitations, including ambispective design, short follow-up, and low non-B subtype prevalence, may limit generalizability.

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