Efecto sobre la apnea obstructiva del sueño de los fármacos para la pérdida de peso. Revisión sistemática
[EN]Introduction and objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) coexists with obesity in up to 70 % of cases, and its severity correlates with excess body weight. It has been suggested that approved weight-loss medications could reduce nocturnal respiratory burden. The objective of this systematic rev...
| Autores: | , , , , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2025 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad de Salamanca (USAL) |
| Repositorio: | GREDOS. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Salamanca |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:gredos.usal.es:10366/170493 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10366/170493 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | sleep apnea obstructive obesity anti-obesity agents tirzepatide liraglutide apnea obstructiva del sueño obesidad fármacos antiobesidad tirzepatida liraglutida |
| Sumario: | [EN]Introduction and objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) coexists with obesity in up to 70 % of cases, and its severity correlates with excess body weight. It has been suggested that approved weight-loss medications could reduce nocturnal respiratory burden. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the evidence on the effects of orlistat, phentermine-topiramate, naltrexone-bupropion, liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and other respiratory outcomes in adults with overweight or obesity and OSA. Method: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, including randomized controlled trials evaluating any of the selected drugs in adult patients with OSA. Results: Out of 126 records, 6 studies were included. No trials were found for orlistat or naltrexone-bupropion. Phentermine-topiramate reduced AHI by 30 events/hour and body weight by 10.8 kg after 28 weeks. Liraglutide (3 mg) reduced AHI by 12.2 events/hour and achieved a ≥50 % reduction in AHI in 31 % of patients. Tirzepatide (10–15 mg/week) showed the greatest reductions in AHI (−25.3 and −29.3 events/hour at 52 weeks), along with −20 kg weight loss, improved hypoxic burden, and lowered blood pressure. No specific studies on semaglutide were found. Discussion: The findings suggest that some anti-obesity drugs can produce significant respiratory improvements in OSA patients, reinforcing their therapeutic value beyond weight loss. Conclusions: Liraglutide and, particularly, tirzepatide emerge as promising pharmacological options in the comprehensive management of OSA associated with obesity. |
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