Validating single-sided natural ventilation models for educational buildings

To maintain good indoor air quality in schools, it is often necessary to apply single-sided natural ventilation models using urban weather stations, since the local weather station is not available for most schools. However, the field study that validated the ventilation models with full-scale exper...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Miao, Sen|||0000-0003-0266-9405, Gangolells Solanellas, Marta|||0000-0001-7921-595X, Tejedor Herrán, Blanca|||0000-0002-2064-0617
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/433365
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/433365
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113329
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Natural ventilation
Single-sided ventilation model
Educational building
Field experiment
Window opening
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Edificació::Instal·lacions i acondicionament d'edificis::Instal·lacions de ventilació
Descripción
Sumario:To maintain good indoor air quality in schools, it is often necessary to apply single-sided natural ventilation models using urban weather stations, since the local weather station is not available for most schools. However, the field study that validated the ventilation models with full-scale experiments in classrooms is very limited. Therefore, this study validated 6 existing single-sided ventilation models based on two field measurement campaigns conducted in naturally ventilated educational buildings, including the Warren & Parkins (1977 & 1985), De Gids & Phaff (1982), Larsen & Heiselberg (2008), Caciolo (2013), Tang (2016), and EN16798–7 (2017) models. The study also analyzed the cause of model prediction errors with respect to building characteristics such as weather station distance, building location, room floor, and incident wind direction. The results show that the distance between the school and the weather station has a significant impact on the model prediction accuracy. The prediction error generally exceeded 50 % with urban weather station data, while the actual ventilation rate was overestimated severely. The buoyancy and wind effects were overestimated by more than 2 times, due to the influence of the urban heat island effect and the complex built environment in the city. In addition, the prediction error related to the room floor was caused by the difference in environmental parameters, while the error related to the incident wind direction was mainly due to the limitations of the existing models. The results of this study provide valuable insights for the practical application and further improvement of ventilation models.