Insights into the structural and dielectric behavior of composites produced from EPDM waste processed through a devulcanization method and SBR

Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) is one of the most used polymers in the world. It is an elastomer, which means that the existing cross-linking between the main chains of the polymer created during the vulcanization process makes its recycling difficult. In this paper, a possible solution to...

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Autores: Marín Genescà, Marc, García Amorós, Jordi, Mudarra López, Miguel|||0000-0002-0371-2252, Massagués Vidal, Lluís, Cañavate Ávila, Francisco Javier|||0000-0002-1502-6962, Colom Fajula, Xavier|||0000-0003-3511-852X
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/399681
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/399681
https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c08115
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Elastomers
Polymers
Polystyrene
Elastòmers
Polímers
Poliestirè
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria dels materials
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spelling Insights into the structural and dielectric behavior of composites produced from EPDM waste processed through a devulcanization method and SBRMarín Genescà, MarcGarcía Amorós, JordiMudarra López, Miguel|||0000-0002-0371-2252Massagués Vidal, LluísCañavate Ávila, Francisco Javier|||0000-0002-1502-6962Colom Fajula, Xavier|||0000-0003-3511-852XElastomersPolymersPolystyreneElastòmersPolímersPoliestirèÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria dels materialsEthylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) is one of the most used polymers in the world. It is an elastomer, which means that the existing cross-linking between the main chains of the polymer created during the vulcanization process makes its recycling difficult. In this paper, a possible solution to this issue is studied. The devulcanization of EPDM is achieved by a thermomechanical process followed by microwave irradiation. These combined treatments suppress the cross-linking, yielding a material (EPDMd) that can be successfully blended to form composites. A common elastomer, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), has been selected as the matrix. The new SBR/EPDMd composites can be useful as elastomeric dielectric materials and can contribute to the recycling of the discarded EPDM. To provide a better understanding of their microstructure and its relationship with their micro- and macroscopic behavior, samples containing 20 and 40% of EPDMd have been tested by thermogravimetric and dielectric analysis, focusing on variables such as the thermal properties of the blends, permittivity, electric modulus, conductivity, and activation energies. The results show interesting changes linked to the presence of EPDMd in the SBR matrix, such as the displacement of the ß dielectric relaxation toward higher frequencies. The correct integration between the two phases is confirmed by the absence of any Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars type relaxation in their dielectric behavior. The presence of additives in the EPDMd samples has an effect on the conductivity, mainly due to the conductive aluminum silicate present in the EPDMd, which acts toward increasing some key dielectric features like conductivity and permittivity and decreasing the insulation of the final SBR/EPDMd materials. The inclusion of EPDMd also affects the a relaxations (low frequencies) and suppresses the ß relaxations (high frequencies). The samples showed a non-Debye dielectric behavior. In short, a compact and well-integrated material with a dielectric behavior is created, which exhibits interesting differences from the reference SBR matrix. Finally, it is concluded that the compounds tested are suitable for applications as electrical insulatorsThe authors wish to acknowledge the support of the next research groups to this research: Greeli-Grup de Recerca d’Enginyeria Elèctrica i Instrumentació from URV University and Polquitex and DILAB-Laboratori de física dels materials dielèctrics from UPC University. The authors thank the financial support from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, project reference PID2021-126165OB-I00, corresponding to the 2021call for Knowledge Generation Projects 2021American Chemical Society (ACS)20232023-03-3020242024-01-17journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/399681https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c08115reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/3996812026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Insights into the structural and dielectric behavior of composites produced from EPDM waste processed through a devulcanization method and SBR
title Insights into the structural and dielectric behavior of composites produced from EPDM waste processed through a devulcanization method and SBR
spellingShingle Insights into the structural and dielectric behavior of composites produced from EPDM waste processed through a devulcanization method and SBR
Marín Genescà, Marc
Elastomers
Polymers
Polystyrene
Elastòmers
Polímers
Poliestirè
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria dels materials
title_short Insights into the structural and dielectric behavior of composites produced from EPDM waste processed through a devulcanization method and SBR
title_full Insights into the structural and dielectric behavior of composites produced from EPDM waste processed through a devulcanization method and SBR
title_fullStr Insights into the structural and dielectric behavior of composites produced from EPDM waste processed through a devulcanization method and SBR
title_full_unstemmed Insights into the structural and dielectric behavior of composites produced from EPDM waste processed through a devulcanization method and SBR
title_sort Insights into the structural and dielectric behavior of composites produced from EPDM waste processed through a devulcanization method and SBR
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Marín Genescà, Marc
García Amorós, Jordi
Mudarra López, Miguel|||0000-0002-0371-2252
Massagués Vidal, Lluís
Cañavate Ávila, Francisco Javier|||0000-0002-1502-6962
Colom Fajula, Xavier|||0000-0003-3511-852X
author Marín Genescà, Marc
author_facet Marín Genescà, Marc
García Amorós, Jordi
Mudarra López, Miguel|||0000-0002-0371-2252
Massagués Vidal, Lluís
Cañavate Ávila, Francisco Javier|||0000-0002-1502-6962
Colom Fajula, Xavier|||0000-0003-3511-852X
author_role author
author2 García Amorós, Jordi
Mudarra López, Miguel|||0000-0002-0371-2252
Massagués Vidal, Lluís
Cañavate Ávila, Francisco Javier|||0000-0002-1502-6962
Colom Fajula, Xavier|||0000-0003-3511-852X
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Elastomers
Polymers
Polystyrene
Elastòmers
Polímers
Poliestirè
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria dels materials
topic Elastomers
Polymers
Polystyrene
Elastòmers
Polímers
Poliestirè
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria dels materials
description Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) is one of the most used polymers in the world. It is an elastomer, which means that the existing cross-linking between the main chains of the polymer created during the vulcanization process makes its recycling difficult. In this paper, a possible solution to this issue is studied. The devulcanization of EPDM is achieved by a thermomechanical process followed by microwave irradiation. These combined treatments suppress the cross-linking, yielding a material (EPDMd) that can be successfully blended to form composites. A common elastomer, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), has been selected as the matrix. The new SBR/EPDMd composites can be useful as elastomeric dielectric materials and can contribute to the recycling of the discarded EPDM. To provide a better understanding of their microstructure and its relationship with their micro- and macroscopic behavior, samples containing 20 and 40% of EPDMd have been tested by thermogravimetric and dielectric analysis, focusing on variables such as the thermal properties of the blends, permittivity, electric modulus, conductivity, and activation energies. The results show interesting changes linked to the presence of EPDMd in the SBR matrix, such as the displacement of the ß dielectric relaxation toward higher frequencies. The correct integration between the two phases is confirmed by the absence of any Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars type relaxation in their dielectric behavior. The presence of additives in the EPDMd samples has an effect on the conductivity, mainly due to the conductive aluminum silicate present in the EPDMd, which acts toward increasing some key dielectric features like conductivity and permittivity and decreasing the insulation of the final SBR/EPDMd materials. The inclusion of EPDMd also affects the a relaxations (low frequencies) and suppresses the ß relaxations (high frequencies). The samples showed a non-Debye dielectric behavior. In short, a compact and well-integrated material with a dielectric behavior is created, which exhibits interesting differences from the reference SBR matrix. Finally, it is concluded that the compounds tested are suitable for applications as electrical insulators
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2023-03-30
2024
2024-01-17
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/399681
https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c08115
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/399681
https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c08115
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Chemical Society (ACS)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Chemical Society (ACS)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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