Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals a Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of the TP53 R273C Mutation in Lower-Grade, IDH-Mutant Astrocytomas

The current WHO grading of central nervous system tumors relies exclusively on histopathological criteria for diagnosing lower-grade, IDH-mutant astrocytomas (LGIMAs), overlooking genetic features. The TP53 R273C mutation, frequently observed in brain tumors, may influence LGIMA biology and aggressi...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Navarro, L., Megías, J., Salazar-Saura, I., Sánchez-Pardo, M., Roselló-Sastre, E., San-Miguel, T.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO)
Repositorio:r-FISABIO. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:r-fisabio___::aa1884ebdc1bde520180810990df7dfe
Acceso en línea:https://fisabio.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20795
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105024630073&doi=10.3390%2fijms262311483&partnerID=40&md5=81ddb7b7b465c7addbd6f0b6861582fe
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:IDH-mutant astrocytomas
Ki-67
lower-grade
next-generation sequencing
TCGA
TP53 R273C mutation
Adult
Aged
Astrocytoma
Brain Neoplasms
Female
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Humans
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
Ki-67 Antigen
Male
Middle Aged
Mutation
Neoplasm Grading
Prognosis
Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
isocitrate dehydrogenase 1
isocitrate dehydrogenase 2
Ki 67 antigen
protein p53
isocitrate dehydrogenase
TP53 protein, human
adult
aged
allele
Article
astrocytoma
cancer classification
cancer diagnosis
cancer grading
cancer prognosis
cancer survival
cell proliferation
clinical article
cohort analysis
comorbidity
female
follow up
gene frequency
gene mutation
high throughput sequencing
histopathology
human
human tissue
immunohistochemistry
male
middle aged
mitosis
molecular diagnosis
neuropathology
phenotype
prediction
prevalence
sex difference
tumor volume
brain tumor
diagnosis
genetic
Descripción
Sumario:The current WHO grading of central nervous system tumors relies exclusively on histopathological criteria for diagnosing lower-grade, IDH-mutant astrocytomas (LGIMAs), overlooking genetic features. The TP53 R273C mutation, frequently observed in brain tumors, may influence LGIMA biology and aggressiveness. We analyzed 14 TP53-mutant LGIMAs using NGS. Five tumors (33.3%) carried the R273C mutation; these were mostly of grade 2 and all from female patients. Ki-67 levels in R273C-mutant tumors were higher compared with those in other TP53-mutant grade 2 tumors but lower than those in grade 3 tumors, which may suggest that R273C defines a more aggressive grade 2 profile. This mutation was linked to loss of the wild-type allele, supporting a loss-of-function mechanism. Its frequency was found to be potentially higher in women, and this sex-based difference reached statistical significance when incorporating TCGA LGIMA data. Overall, the R273C mutation, although mechanistically unclear, is more prevalent than other TP53 variants and defines a distinct biological subset of LGIMAs, marked by increased Ki-67 and female predominance. Incorporating TP53 and broader genetic profiling via NGS could improve our understanding of LGIMAs and support a refined classification system, enhancing diagnostic and prognostic accuracy. © 2025 by the authors.