Urban development type, biodiversity and the extinction of experience

Humans currently suffer a phenomenon called the extinction of experience by which we are losing interactions with the natural world. This process, particularly worrying in urban areas and rapidly expanding, is mainly due to the lack of orientation towards nature (i.e. connection with nature) and the...

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Authors: Izquierdo, Lucía, Ramos-Chernenko, Anna, Jokimäki, Jukka, Tryjanowski, Piotr, Benedetti, Yanina, Diaz, Mario, Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki, Marja-Liisa, Morelli, Federico, Pérez-Contreras, Tomás, Rubio, Enrique, Sprau, Philipp, Suhonen, Jukka, Ibáñez-Álamo, Juan Diego
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2025
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:digitalcsic_::559f617211a195ae8ab7f287399aad9b
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/432209
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Biodiversity
Birds
Land-sharing
Land-sparing
SEM
Urbanization
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spelling Urban development type, biodiversity and the extinction of experienceIzquierdo, LucíaRamos-Chernenko, AnnaJokimäki, JukkaTryjanowski, PiotrBenedetti, YaninaDiaz, MarioKaisanlahti-Jokimäki, Marja-LiisaMorelli, FedericoPérez-Contreras, TomásRubio, EnriqueSprau, PhilippSuhonen, JukkaIbáñez-Álamo, Juan DiegoBiodiversityBirdsLand-sharingLand-sparingSEMUrbanizationHumans currently suffer a phenomenon called the extinction of experience by which we are losing interactions with the natural world. This process, particularly worrying in urban areas and rapidly expanding, is mainly due to the lack of orientation towards nature (i.e. connection with nature) and the lack of opportunities to experience it. Urban areas vary along a gradient from compact cities with large parks separated from residential areas (land-sparing extreme of the gradient) to sprawled-design with single-family homes and gardens and street vegetation (land-sharing extreme). This gradient and its feature variables are related to differences in biodiversity levels and the way people interact with nature, thus, it is expected that this configuration will influence the extinction of experience of citizens. Our study investigates this important question by integrating sociological data (818 questionnaires) and ecological data (bird diversity) from 9 cities across Europe and carrying out structural equation models. Our results empirically support the extinction of the experience framework. We found that living in land-sparing areas, as well as areas with more green cover and larger green patches, is positively associated with time spent in nature. These findings highlight the importance of large parks in bringing urban dwellers closer to nature. Furthermore, disconnection from nature is favored by other factors such as the lack of childhood experiences or living in biodiversity-poor neighborhoods. Politicians and urban planners should consider these factors to revert the increasingly worrying extinction of experience that entails important conservation consequences.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España); Universidad de GranadaElsevierAgencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Universidad de Granada2026202620252026info:eu-repo/semantics/articlePublisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/432209reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-107423GA-I00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/University of Granada//CEXP-375-UGR23http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111417Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:digitalcsic_::559f617211a195ae8ab7f287399aad9b2026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Urban development type, biodiversity and the extinction of experience
title Urban development type, biodiversity and the extinction of experience
spellingShingle Urban development type, biodiversity and the extinction of experience
Izquierdo, Lucía
Biodiversity
Birds
Land-sharing
Land-sparing
SEM
Urbanization
title_short Urban development type, biodiversity and the extinction of experience
title_full Urban development type, biodiversity and the extinction of experience
title_fullStr Urban development type, biodiversity and the extinction of experience
title_full_unstemmed Urban development type, biodiversity and the extinction of experience
title_sort Urban development type, biodiversity and the extinction of experience
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Izquierdo, Lucía
Ramos-Chernenko, Anna
Jokimäki, Jukka
Tryjanowski, Piotr
Benedetti, Yanina
Diaz, Mario
Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki, Marja-Liisa
Morelli, Federico
Pérez-Contreras, Tomás
Rubio, Enrique
Sprau, Philipp
Suhonen, Jukka
Ibáñez-Álamo, Juan Diego
author Izquierdo, Lucía
author_facet Izquierdo, Lucía
Ramos-Chernenko, Anna
Jokimäki, Jukka
Tryjanowski, Piotr
Benedetti, Yanina
Diaz, Mario
Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki, Marja-Liisa
Morelli, Federico
Pérez-Contreras, Tomás
Rubio, Enrique
Sprau, Philipp
Suhonen, Jukka
Ibáñez-Álamo, Juan Diego
author_role author
author2 Ramos-Chernenko, Anna
Jokimäki, Jukka
Tryjanowski, Piotr
Benedetti, Yanina
Diaz, Mario
Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki, Marja-Liisa
Morelli, Federico
Pérez-Contreras, Tomás
Rubio, Enrique
Sprau, Philipp
Suhonen, Jukka
Ibáñez-Álamo, Juan Diego
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Universidad de Granada
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biodiversity
Birds
Land-sharing
Land-sparing
SEM
Urbanization
topic Biodiversity
Birds
Land-sharing
Land-sparing
SEM
Urbanization
description Humans currently suffer a phenomenon called the extinction of experience by which we are losing interactions with the natural world. This process, particularly worrying in urban areas and rapidly expanding, is mainly due to the lack of orientation towards nature (i.e. connection with nature) and the lack of opportunities to experience it. Urban areas vary along a gradient from compact cities with large parks separated from residential areas (land-sparing extreme of the gradient) to sprawled-design with single-family homes and gardens and street vegetation (land-sharing extreme). This gradient and its feature variables are related to differences in biodiversity levels and the way people interact with nature, thus, it is expected that this configuration will influence the extinction of experience of citizens. Our study investigates this important question by integrating sociological data (818 questionnaires) and ecological data (bird diversity) from 9 cities across Europe and carrying out structural equation models. Our results empirically support the extinction of the experience framework. We found that living in land-sparing areas, as well as areas with more green cover and larger green patches, is positively associated with time spent in nature. These findings highlight the importance of large parks in bringing urban dwellers closer to nature. Furthermore, disconnection from nature is favored by other factors such as the lack of childhood experiences or living in biodiversity-poor neighborhoods. Politicians and urban planners should consider these factors to revert the increasingly worrying extinction of experience that entails important conservation consequences.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2026
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/432209
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/432209
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-107423GA-I00
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/University of Granada//CEXP-375-UGR23
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111417
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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