Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to dagger
Bone problems in the population begin to be establish in childhood. The present study aims to assess the usual calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D intakes, along with the food sources of these nutrients, in Spanish children participating in the EsNuPI (Estudio Nutricional en Población Infa...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2020 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad de Navarra |
| Repositorio: | Dadun. Depósito Académico Digital de la Universidad de Navarra |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:dadun.unav.edu:10171/67140 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10171/67140 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | EsNuPI study Calcium Phosphoru Magnesium Vitamin D Pediatric nutrition Food sources Spanish children Dairy products Infant formula |
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Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to daggerCuadrado-Soto, E. (Esther)|||/items/f24bf85b-db93-46d6-813c-0aab93032ccaLópez-Sobaler, A.M (Ana M.)|||/items/63b3bcda-4714-46af-b48a-f8c3c18bbf4fJiménez-Ortega, A.I. (Ana Isabel)|||/items/789aade8-0cad-4221-bb62-55ce654b0e43Aparicio, A. (Aránzazu)|||/items/8944ab01-d56c-4322-96c4-63c5616ee0a7Bermejo, L.M. (Laura M.)|||/items/f0074113-7f6f-467e-b5b3-c25fba4969d8Hernández-Ruiz, A. (Ángela)|||/items/96ac828a-1c5a-4d20-927b-04753f04666dLara-Villoslada, F. (Federico)|||/items/ebd5c603-2ab6-4d14-b677-96c3bd724999Leis, R. (Rosaura)|||/items/20e958dd-0d32-4a83-96d4-3cb8d3fd2c9cMartínez-de-Victoria, E. (Emilio)|||/items/5bf3dd56-db9c-4cff-ba72-c15af5a20542Moreno-Villares, J.M. (José Manuel)|||/items/6e649933-cb61-49a5-a1a7-d5e80e6fc4a6Ruiz-López, M.D. (María Dolores)|||/items/b21f1b6e-d5ec-46d3-9d9c-6b3896442315Soto-Méndez, M.J. (María José)|||/items/de762f93-10af-4df8-abf1-12fb5fdbe4f0Valero, T. (Teresa)|||/items/4569c70d-dc8f-413d-9e64-9594999e05f8Varela-Moreiras, G. (Gregorio)|||/items/59e8be5e-85c1-4a24-a10b-8c47b2946a13Gil, A. (Ángel)|||/items/b9c9c930-9b48-4b70-bfd9-d4d1984fa055Ortega, R.M. (Rosa María)|||/items/9281d0ed-ca87-4b39-a773-c54f48ec9ff5EsNuPI studyCalciumPhosphoruMagnesiumVitamin DPediatric nutritionFood sourcesSpanish childrenDairy productsInfant formulaBone problems in the population begin to be establish in childhood. The present study aims to assess the usual calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D intakes, along with the food sources of these nutrients, in Spanish children participating in the EsNuPI (Estudio Nutricional en Población Infantil Española) study. Two 24 h dietary recalls were applied to 1448 children (1 to <10 years) divided into two sub-samples: one reference sample (RS) of the general population [n = 707] and another sample which exclusively included children consuming enriched or fortified milks, here called “adapted milks” (AMS) [n = 741]. Estimation of the usual intake shows that nutrient intake increased with age for all nutrients except vitamin D. Using as reference the Dietary Reference Values from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), calcium and magnesium intakes were found to be below the average requirement (AR) and adequate intake (AI), respectively, in a considerable percentage of children. Furthermore, phosphorus exceeded the AI in 100% of individuals and vitamin D was lower than the AI in almost all children studied. The results were very similar when considering only plausible reporters. When analyzing the food sources of the nutrients studied, milk and dairy products contributed the most to calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D. Other sources of calcium were cereals and vegetables; for phosphorus: meat, meat products, and cereals; for magnesium: cereals and fruits; and, for vitamin D: fish and eggs. These results highlight the desirability of improving the intake concerning these nutrients, which are involved in bone and metabolic health in children. The AMS group appeared to contribute better to the adequacy of those nutrients than the RS group, but both still need further improvement. Of special interest are the results of vitamin D intakes, which were significantly higher in the AMS group (although still below the AI), independent of age.MDPI AGDadun. Depósito Académico Digital Universidad de Navarra20232023-08-1620202020-01-0120202020-01-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/10171/67140reponame:Dadun. Depósito Académico Digital de la Universidad de Navarrainstname:Universidad de NavarraInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dadun.unav.edu:10171/671402026-06-21T12:47:57Z |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to dagger |
| title |
Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to dagger |
| spellingShingle |
Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to dagger Cuadrado-Soto, E. (Esther)|||/items/f24bf85b-db93-46d6-813c-0aab93032cca EsNuPI study Calcium Phosphoru Magnesium Vitamin D Pediatric nutrition Food sources Spanish children Dairy products Infant formula |
| title_short |
Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to dagger |
| title_full |
Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to dagger |
| title_fullStr |
Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to dagger |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to dagger |
| title_sort |
Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to dagger |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Cuadrado-Soto, E. (Esther)|||/items/f24bf85b-db93-46d6-813c-0aab93032cca López-Sobaler, A.M (Ana M.)|||/items/63b3bcda-4714-46af-b48a-f8c3c18bbf4f Jiménez-Ortega, A.I. (Ana Isabel)|||/items/789aade8-0cad-4221-bb62-55ce654b0e43 Aparicio, A. (Aránzazu)|||/items/8944ab01-d56c-4322-96c4-63c5616ee0a7 Bermejo, L.M. (Laura M.)|||/items/f0074113-7f6f-467e-b5b3-c25fba4969d8 Hernández-Ruiz, A. (Ángela)|||/items/96ac828a-1c5a-4d20-927b-04753f04666d Lara-Villoslada, F. (Federico)|||/items/ebd5c603-2ab6-4d14-b677-96c3bd724999 Leis, R. (Rosaura)|||/items/20e958dd-0d32-4a83-96d4-3cb8d3fd2c9c Martínez-de-Victoria, E. (Emilio)|||/items/5bf3dd56-db9c-4cff-ba72-c15af5a20542 Moreno-Villares, J.M. (José Manuel)|||/items/6e649933-cb61-49a5-a1a7-d5e80e6fc4a6 Ruiz-López, M.D. (María Dolores)|||/items/b21f1b6e-d5ec-46d3-9d9c-6b3896442315 Soto-Méndez, M.J. (María José)|||/items/de762f93-10af-4df8-abf1-12fb5fdbe4f0 Valero, T. (Teresa)|||/items/4569c70d-dc8f-413d-9e64-9594999e05f8 Varela-Moreiras, G. (Gregorio)|||/items/59e8be5e-85c1-4a24-a10b-8c47b2946a13 Gil, A. (Ángel)|||/items/b9c9c930-9b48-4b70-bfd9-d4d1984fa055 Ortega, R.M. (Rosa María)|||/items/9281d0ed-ca87-4b39-a773-c54f48ec9ff5 |
| author |
Cuadrado-Soto, E. (Esther)|||/items/f24bf85b-db93-46d6-813c-0aab93032cca |
| author_facet |
Cuadrado-Soto, E. (Esther)|||/items/f24bf85b-db93-46d6-813c-0aab93032cca López-Sobaler, A.M (Ana M.)|||/items/63b3bcda-4714-46af-b48a-f8c3c18bbf4f Jiménez-Ortega, A.I. (Ana Isabel)|||/items/789aade8-0cad-4221-bb62-55ce654b0e43 Aparicio, A. (Aránzazu)|||/items/8944ab01-d56c-4322-96c4-63c5616ee0a7 Bermejo, L.M. (Laura M.)|||/items/f0074113-7f6f-467e-b5b3-c25fba4969d8 Hernández-Ruiz, A. (Ángela)|||/items/96ac828a-1c5a-4d20-927b-04753f04666d Lara-Villoslada, F. (Federico)|||/items/ebd5c603-2ab6-4d14-b677-96c3bd724999 Leis, R. (Rosaura)|||/items/20e958dd-0d32-4a83-96d4-3cb8d3fd2c9c Martínez-de-Victoria, E. (Emilio)|||/items/5bf3dd56-db9c-4cff-ba72-c15af5a20542 Moreno-Villares, J.M. (José Manuel)|||/items/6e649933-cb61-49a5-a1a7-d5e80e6fc4a6 Ruiz-López, M.D. (María Dolores)|||/items/b21f1b6e-d5ec-46d3-9d9c-6b3896442315 Soto-Méndez, M.J. (María José)|||/items/de762f93-10af-4df8-abf1-12fb5fdbe4f0 Valero, T. (Teresa)|||/items/4569c70d-dc8f-413d-9e64-9594999e05f8 Varela-Moreiras, G. (Gregorio)|||/items/59e8be5e-85c1-4a24-a10b-8c47b2946a13 Gil, A. (Ángel)|||/items/b9c9c930-9b48-4b70-bfd9-d4d1984fa055 Ortega, R.M. (Rosa María)|||/items/9281d0ed-ca87-4b39-a773-c54f48ec9ff5 |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
López-Sobaler, A.M (Ana M.)|||/items/63b3bcda-4714-46af-b48a-f8c3c18bbf4f Jiménez-Ortega, A.I. (Ana Isabel)|||/items/789aade8-0cad-4221-bb62-55ce654b0e43 Aparicio, A. (Aránzazu)|||/items/8944ab01-d56c-4322-96c4-63c5616ee0a7 Bermejo, L.M. (Laura M.)|||/items/f0074113-7f6f-467e-b5b3-c25fba4969d8 Hernández-Ruiz, A. (Ángela)|||/items/96ac828a-1c5a-4d20-927b-04753f04666d Lara-Villoslada, F. (Federico)|||/items/ebd5c603-2ab6-4d14-b677-96c3bd724999 Leis, R. (Rosaura)|||/items/20e958dd-0d32-4a83-96d4-3cb8d3fd2c9c Martínez-de-Victoria, E. (Emilio)|||/items/5bf3dd56-db9c-4cff-ba72-c15af5a20542 Moreno-Villares, J.M. (José Manuel)|||/items/6e649933-cb61-49a5-a1a7-d5e80e6fc4a6 Ruiz-López, M.D. (María Dolores)|||/items/b21f1b6e-d5ec-46d3-9d9c-6b3896442315 Soto-Méndez, M.J. (María José)|||/items/de762f93-10af-4df8-abf1-12fb5fdbe4f0 Valero, T. (Teresa)|||/items/4569c70d-dc8f-413d-9e64-9594999e05f8 Varela-Moreiras, G. (Gregorio)|||/items/59e8be5e-85c1-4a24-a10b-8c47b2946a13 Gil, A. (Ángel)|||/items/b9c9c930-9b48-4b70-bfd9-d4d1984fa055 Ortega, R.M. (Rosa María)|||/items/9281d0ed-ca87-4b39-a773-c54f48ec9ff5 |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Dadun. Depósito Académico Digital Universidad de Navarra |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
EsNuPI study Calcium Phosphoru Magnesium Vitamin D Pediatric nutrition Food sources Spanish children Dairy products Infant formula |
| topic |
EsNuPI study Calcium Phosphoru Magnesium Vitamin D Pediatric nutrition Food sources Spanish children Dairy products Infant formula |
| description |
Bone problems in the population begin to be establish in childhood. The present study aims to assess the usual calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D intakes, along with the food sources of these nutrients, in Spanish children participating in the EsNuPI (Estudio Nutricional en Población Infantil Española) study. Two 24 h dietary recalls were applied to 1448 children (1 to <10 years) divided into two sub-samples: one reference sample (RS) of the general population [n = 707] and another sample which exclusively included children consuming enriched or fortified milks, here called “adapted milks” (AMS) [n = 741]. Estimation of the usual intake shows that nutrient intake increased with age for all nutrients except vitamin D. Using as reference the Dietary Reference Values from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), calcium and magnesium intakes were found to be below the average requirement (AR) and adequate intake (AI), respectively, in a considerable percentage of children. Furthermore, phosphorus exceeded the AI in 100% of individuals and vitamin D was lower than the AI in almost all children studied. The results were very similar when considering only plausible reporters. When analyzing the food sources of the nutrients studied, milk and dairy products contributed the most to calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D. Other sources of calcium were cereals and vegetables; for phosphorus: meat, meat products, and cereals; for magnesium: cereals and fruits; and, for vitamin D: fish and eggs. These results highlight the desirability of improving the intake concerning these nutrients, which are involved in bone and metabolic health in children. The AMS group appeared to contribute better to the adequacy of those nutrients than the RS group, but both still need further improvement. Of special interest are the results of vitamin D intakes, which were significantly higher in the AMS group (although still below the AI), independent of age. |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020 2020-01-01 2020 2020-01-01 2023 2023-08-16 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| format |
article |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/10171/67140 |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10171/67140 |
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Inglés eng |
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Inglés |
| language |
eng |
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open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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MDPI AG |
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MDPI AG |
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reponame:Dadun. Depósito Académico Digital de la Universidad de Navarra instname:Universidad de Navarra |
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Universidad de Navarra |
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Dadun. Depósito Académico Digital de la Universidad de Navarra |
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Dadun. Depósito Académico Digital de la Universidad de Navarra |
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15,301629 |