Clinical Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.

Background/Objectives: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT), involving subcutaneous (SCIT) or sublingual (SLIT) administration of the culprit allergen, is the only treatment capable of modifying the natural course of allergic diseases, and provides lasting benefits in terms of symptom reduction and medicati...

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Autores: Catamerò F, Bragato MC, Lozano MA, Canonica GW, Hernández DB, Escribese MM, Heffler E, Pfaar O, Sahiner U, Paoletti G, Giovannini M
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
Repositorio:r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
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Acceso en línea:https://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=30339
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:allergen immunotherapy (AIT)
clinical evaluation
efficacy
respiratory allergy
safety
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spelling Clinical Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.Catamerò FBragato MCLozano MACanonica GWHernández DBEscribese MMHeffler EPfaar OSahiner UPaoletti GGiovannini Mallergen immunotherapy (AIT)clinical evaluationefficacyrespiratory allergysafetyBackground/Objectives: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT), involving subcutaneous (SCIT) or sublingual (SLIT) administration of the culprit allergen, is the only treatment capable of modifying the natural course of allergic diseases, and provides lasting benefits in terms of symptom reduction and medication use. AIT for allergic rhinitis is acknowledged as safe and effective in both adults and children; however, no studies have comprehensively evaluated the safety and efficacy of AIT in these populations, integrating results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world evidence (RWE). Methods: We evaluated data in the literature including studies from RCTs and RWE in which the safety and efficacy of AIT in both children and adults have been analyzed. A narrative literature search was conducted in PubMed up to January 2026 using the following keywords for the search string: "allergen immunotherapy," "AIT," "safety," "efficacy," "clinical outcome," and "clinical evaluation." Results: RCTs and meta-analyses showed that both SCIT and SLIT significantly reduced allergic symptoms and medication use and improved quality of life (QoL). Large SLIT tablet trials have confirmed its efficacy in adults and children, whereas RWE supports its effectiveness in broader populations. Safety data indicated that SCIT carries a small but higher risk of systemic reactions than SLIT, which mainly causes mild local effects. Conclusions: AIT was effective and safe for treating allergic rhinitis across RCT and RWE studies. Integrating RWE with RCT findings is essential for guideline development, particularly for capturing long-term outcomes and real-world applications.MDPI2026info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=30339VaccinesISSN: 2076393Xreponame:r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déuinstname:Fundació Sant Joan de DéuInglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:r-fsjd______::761a555a574bfc248071af5b4f439a452026-05-27T12:37:41Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Clinical Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.
title Clinical Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.
spellingShingle Clinical Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.
Catamerò F
allergen immunotherapy (AIT)
clinical evaluation
efficacy
respiratory allergy
safety
title_short Clinical Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.
title_full Clinical Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.
title_fullStr Clinical Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.
title_full_unstemmed Clinical Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.
title_sort Clinical Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Catamerò F
Bragato MC
Lozano MA
Canonica GW
Hernández DB
Escribese MM
Heffler E
Pfaar O
Sahiner U
Paoletti G
Giovannini M
author Catamerò F
author_facet Catamerò F
Bragato MC
Lozano MA
Canonica GW
Hernández DB
Escribese MM
Heffler E
Pfaar O
Sahiner U
Paoletti G
Giovannini M
author_role author
author2 Bragato MC
Lozano MA
Canonica GW
Hernández DB
Escribese MM
Heffler E
Pfaar O
Sahiner U
Paoletti G
Giovannini M
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv allergen immunotherapy (AIT)
clinical evaluation
efficacy
respiratory allergy
safety
topic allergen immunotherapy (AIT)
clinical evaluation
efficacy
respiratory allergy
safety
description Background/Objectives: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT), involving subcutaneous (SCIT) or sublingual (SLIT) administration of the culprit allergen, is the only treatment capable of modifying the natural course of allergic diseases, and provides lasting benefits in terms of symptom reduction and medication use. AIT for allergic rhinitis is acknowledged as safe and effective in both adults and children; however, no studies have comprehensively evaluated the safety and efficacy of AIT in these populations, integrating results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world evidence (RWE). Methods: We evaluated data in the literature including studies from RCTs and RWE in which the safety and efficacy of AIT in both children and adults have been analyzed. A narrative literature search was conducted in PubMed up to January 2026 using the following keywords for the search string: "allergen immunotherapy," "AIT," "safety," "efficacy," "clinical outcome," and "clinical evaluation." Results: RCTs and meta-analyses showed that both SCIT and SLIT significantly reduced allergic symptoms and medication use and improved quality of life (QoL). Large SLIT tablet trials have confirmed its efficacy in adults and children, whereas RWE supports its effectiveness in broader populations. Safety data indicated that SCIT carries a small but higher risk of systemic reactions than SLIT, which mainly causes mild local effects. Conclusions: AIT was effective and safe for treating allergic rhinitis across RCT and RWE studies. Integrating RWE with RCT findings is essential for guideline development, particularly for capturing long-term outcomes and real-world applications.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=30339
url https://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=30339
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Vaccines
ISSN: 2076393X
reponame:r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
instname:Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
instname_str Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
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