Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags

Global Positioning System (GPS) tags are nowadays widely used in wildlife tracking. This geolocation technique can suffer from fix loss biases due to poor satellite GPS geometry, that result in tracking data gaps leading to wrong research conclusions. In addition, new solar-powered GPS tags deployed...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Silva, Rafa, Afán, Isabel, Gil, Juan A., Bustamante, Javier
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2017
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/156859
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/156859
Access Level:acceso abierto
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spelling Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tagsSilva, RafaAfán, IsabelGil, Juan A.Bustamante, JavierGlobal Positioning System (GPS) tags are nowadays widely used in wildlife tracking. This geolocation technique can suffer from fix loss biases due to poor satellite GPS geometry, that result in tracking data gaps leading to wrong research conclusions. In addition, new solar-powered GPS tags deployed on birds can suffer from a new ªbattery drain biasº currently ignored in movement ecology analyses. We use a GPS tracking dataset of bearded vultures (Gypaetus barbatus), tracked for several years with solar GPS tags, to evaluate the causes and triggers of fix and data retrieval loss biases. We compare two models of solar GPS tags using different data retrieval systems (Argos vs GSM-GPRS), and programmed with different duty cycles. Neither of the models was able to accomplish the duty cycle programed initially. Fix and data retrieval loss rates were always greater than expected, and showed non-random gaps in GPS locations. Number of fixes per month of tracking was a bad criterion to identify tags with smaller biases. Fix-loss rates were four times higher due to battery drain than due to poor GPS satellite geometry. Both tag models were biased due to the uneven solar energy available for the recharge of the tag throughout the annual cycle, resulting in greater fix-loss rates in winter compared to summer. In addition, we suggest that the bias found along the diurnal cycle is linked to a complex three-factor interaction of bird flight behavior, topography and fix interval. More fixes were lost when vultures were perching compared to flying, in rugged versus flat topography. But long fix-intervals caused greater loss of fixes in dynamic (flying) versus static situations (perching). To conclude, we emphasize the importance of evaluating fix-loss bias in current tracking projects, and deploying GPS tags that allow remote duty cycle updates so that the most appropriate fix and data retrieval intervals can be selectedPeer reviewedPublic Library of ScienceConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]201720172017info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/156859reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)InglésSilva, Rafa; Afán, Isabel; Gil, Juan A.; Bustamante, Javier; 2017; "Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags [Dataset]"; DIGITALCSIC; http://dx.doi.org/10.20350/digitalCSIC/8517https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185344Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1568592026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags
title Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags
spellingShingle Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags
Silva, Rafa
title_short Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags
title_full Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags
title_fullStr Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags
title_full_unstemmed Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags
title_sort Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Silva, Rafa
Afán, Isabel
Gil, Juan A.
Bustamante, Javier
author Silva, Rafa
author_facet Silva, Rafa
Afán, Isabel
Gil, Juan A.
Bustamante, Javier
author_role author
author2 Afán, Isabel
Gil, Juan A.
Bustamante, Javier
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
description Global Positioning System (GPS) tags are nowadays widely used in wildlife tracking. This geolocation technique can suffer from fix loss biases due to poor satellite GPS geometry, that result in tracking data gaps leading to wrong research conclusions. In addition, new solar-powered GPS tags deployed on birds can suffer from a new ªbattery drain biasº currently ignored in movement ecology analyses. We use a GPS tracking dataset of bearded vultures (Gypaetus barbatus), tracked for several years with solar GPS tags, to evaluate the causes and triggers of fix and data retrieval loss biases. We compare two models of solar GPS tags using different data retrieval systems (Argos vs GSM-GPRS), and programmed with different duty cycles. Neither of the models was able to accomplish the duty cycle programed initially. Fix and data retrieval loss rates were always greater than expected, and showed non-random gaps in GPS locations. Number of fixes per month of tracking was a bad criterion to identify tags with smaller biases. Fix-loss rates were four times higher due to battery drain than due to poor GPS satellite geometry. Both tag models were biased due to the uneven solar energy available for the recharge of the tag throughout the annual cycle, resulting in greater fix-loss rates in winter compared to summer. In addition, we suggest that the bias found along the diurnal cycle is linked to a complex three-factor interaction of bird flight behavior, topography and fix interval. More fixes were lost when vultures were perching compared to flying, in rugged versus flat topography. But long fix-intervals caused greater loss of fixes in dynamic (flying) versus static situations (perching). To conclude, we emphasize the importance of evaluating fix-loss bias in current tracking projects, and deploying GPS tags that allow remote duty cycle updates so that the most appropriate fix and data retrieval intervals can be selected
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017
2017
2017
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/156859
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/156859
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Silva, Rafa; Afán, Isabel; Gil, Juan A.; Bustamante, Javier; 2017; "Seasonal and circadian biases in bird tracking with solar GPS-tags [Dataset]"; DIGITALCSIC; http://dx.doi.org/10.20350/digitalCSIC/8517
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185344
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Public Library of Science
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Public Library of Science
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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